无法访问Windows Installer服务.如果未正确安装Windows Installer，则会发生这种情况

问题描述

当我尝试在Windows Server 2012 R2上安装EXE文件时遇到问题.当我尝试执行EXE或MSI文件时，出现以下错误，无法访问Windows Installer服务.如果未正确安装Windows Installer，则可能会发生.请与支持人员联系以寻求帮助."

I have an issue when I tried to install an EXE file on windows server 2012 R2. When I tried to execute the EXE or MSI file I got below error, "The Windows Installer Service could not be accessed. This can occur if the Windows Installer is not correctly installed. Contact your support personnel for assistance."

我尝试了以下方法来解决此问题，但没有任何效果.

I tried the following methods to fix the issue but nothing worked.

方法1:

我尝试注销并重新注册msiexec文件

I tried to unregister and re-register msiexec file

％windir％\ system32 \ msiexec.exe/regserver

%windir%\system32\msiexec.exe /regserver

％windir％\ syswow64 \ msiexec.exe/unregister

%windir%\syswow64\msiexec.exe /unregister

％windir％\ syswow64 \ msiexec.exe/regserver

%windir%\syswow64\msiexec.exe /regserver

方法2

添加REG "HKLM \ SYSTEM \ CurrentControlSet \ Control \ SafeBoot \ Minimal \ MSIServer"/VE/T REG_SZ/F/D服务"

REG ADD "HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\SafeBoot\Minimal\MSIServer" /VE /T REG_SZ /F /D "Service"

net stop msiserver

net stop msiserver

添加REG "HKLM \ SYSTEM \ CurrentControlSet \ Control \ SafeBoot \ Network \ MSIServer"/VE/T REG_SZ/F/D服务"

REG ADD "HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\SafeBoot\Network\MSIServer" /VE /T REG_SZ /F /D "Service"

net start msiserver

net start msiserver

方法3

在每种方法之后，我都没有重新启动服务器，甚至尝试将注册表项从工作服务器导出到问题服务器.尽管如此，问题仍未解决.

I did reboot the servers after each method and even tried to export the registry key from working server to the issue server. Still, the issue is not resolved.

还有其他解决方法，我可以尝试解决此问题.我不想从头开始重建服务器.请帮助

Is there any other solution I can try to fix the issue. I don't want to rebuild the server from the scratch. Please help

关于，纳雷什

推荐答案

免责声明 :以下只是旨在列出所有内容的选项列表.我不确定其中一些选项是否有用，但可以在下次记住它们:

Disclaimer: The below is just a list of options intended to list anything and everything. Some of the options I am not sure are that useful, but they are there to remember them for the next time:

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• Currupt Setup :我会尝试安装其他MSI文件，以确保您测试的文件没有损坏.也可以重新启动-如果可以(仅限某些服务器)-可以解决所有锁定.
• 磁盘 :扫描磁盘以确保其没有错误并且具有空间可用.
• 日志 :检查事件日志中可能出了什么问题的线索(如果有什么特别之处).
• 恶意软件 :使用任何可用的工具运行恶意软件扫描.通过将您的 setup.exe 上传到 https://www.virustotal.com/
• Sfc.exe :运行 sfc.exe 扫描系统文件是否损坏(请参阅下面介绍的工具).如果您直接运行 sfc.exe ， 没有好的恶意软件扫描程序，或者它也无法运行.
• 防病毒 :如果运行了任何恶意软件扫描程序，请尝试将其禁用.它们可能会阻塞事物(通常是出于某种原因-例如感染)，并阻止安装.
• 策略 :浏览组策略以确认没有任何阻止的策略.参见下文.
• 终端服务器 :确保您不在终端服务器上.如果是，请参见下文.

• Currupt Setup: I would try a different MSI file to install, in order to make sure the one you test with is not corrupted. Reboot too - if you can (strict on some servers) - to resolve any locks.
• Disks: Scan your disk to make sure it has no errors AND that it has space available.
• Logs: Check for clues in the event log as to what might be wrong (if anything in particular).
• Malware: Run a malware scan with whatever tool you have available to do so. Check your setup.exe by uploading it to https://www.virustotal.com/
• Sfc.exe: Run sfc.exe to scan for system file corruption (see tool described below). You can run sfc.exe directly, if you have no good malware scanner available or it also fails to run.
• Anti-Virus: Try to disable any malware scanners if you have them running. They could block things (usually for a reason - infection for example), and prevent the installation.
• Policies: Glance over group policies to verify that nothing there is blocked. See below.
• Terminal Server: Make sure you are not on a terminal server. If you are, see below.

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基本检查 :这是一个通用的检查清单，请允许我包括您已经尝试过的内容，以及一些我坦率地说没有的内容肯定是完全相关的:

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The Basic Checks: This will be a generic check list of sort, bear with me for including what you have already tried, and some entries that I am frankly not sure are that relevant at all:

1. 安装程序文件已损坏 :在尝试其他操作之前，请尝试运行其他安装程序.您的手可能已损坏了安装程序文件.实际上，这是很常见的，并且可能需要很长时间才能发现.

1. Corrupted Installer File: Before trying anything else, try to run a different installer. You could have a corrupted installer file on your hands. This is in fact very common, and can take ages to discover.

待重启" :是否有待重启?您可以重新启动服务器吗?试试吧.我已经看到一些Windows Update阻止安装，直到重新启动完成.

Pending Reboot: Is there a pending reboot? Can you reboot the server? Try it. I have seen some Windows Updates blocking installation until the reboot has been done.

服务正在运行 :验证未在服务控制小程序中禁用Windows Installer服务.启动 services.msc 并选中"Windows Installer". 实际上，有些管理员会选择禁用服务！(就像他们所说的那样).

Service running: Verify that the Windows Installer service is not disabled in the service control applet. Launch services.msc and check "Windows Installer". Some admins actually go to the lenght of disabling the service! (there goes the day as they say).

管理员权限/UAC :确认您使用管理员帐户(管理员权限)运行，并且 UAC 是否已启用? (我不知道可能无法在服务器上禁用它).我不需要过多维护服务器，但是也许可以尝试启动一些您需要提升的东西，并验证您是否收到了UAC提示.

Admin Rights / UAC: Verify that you run with an admin account (admin rights), and that the UAC is enabled? (might not be possible to disable on servers, I don't know). I don't maintain servers much, but maybe try to launch something you know needs elevation and verify that you get the UAC prompts.

策略 :调查是否通过策略禁用了Windows Installer服务:

Policies: Investigate whether the Windows Installer service is disabled by policy:

• https://docs.microsoft.com/zh-CN/windows/win32/msi/disablemsi
• https://docs.microsoft.com/en -us/windows/win32/msi/machine-policies

• https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/msi/disablemsi
• https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/msi/machine-policies

终端服务器 :如果是终端服务器计算机，请确保您处于安装模式，而不是 >执行模式. 查看此答案.

• Change.exe: https://ss64.com/nt/change.html

涉及更多(陌生人海岸) :

More Involved (Stranger Shores):

1. 不同的管理员用户 :当我遇到奇怪的问题时，我总是尝试使用其他管理员帐户(-在页面下方).只是为了排除它.有时它可以工作-通常在用户配置文件以某种方式损坏(路径断开等)时.尝试登录并以该用户身份安装.

1. Different Admin User: I always try a different admin account when I have a weird problem (debugging - down the page). Just to rule it out. Sometimes it works - generally when the user profile is broken somehow (broken paths etc...). Try to log in and install as that user.

恶意软件 :运行恶意软件扫描.对于恶意软件，就问题而言，一切皆有可能.使用您拥有的任何工具.不知道Windows Server具有什么-它具有Windows Defender Offline扫描模式吗?

Malware: Run a scan for malware. With malware anything is possible in terms of problems. Use whatever tool you have. Not sure what Windows Server has - does it have Windows Defender Offline scan mode?

Sfc.exe :同样，运行 sfc.exe 工具，以验证系统文件未损坏. 此工具可能比人们想象的更有效. 它似乎在Windows Server计算机上可用.

Sfc.exe: Along the same lines run the sfc.exe tool to verify that system files are not corrupted. This tool can be more effective than people think. It looks like it is available on Windows Server machines.

• sfc /verifyonly (无法修复)
• sfc /scannow (用于修复问题)

COM注册 :您已经尝试过:

COM Registration: You have already tried this:

• %windir%\system32\msiexec.exe /unregister
• %windir%\system32\msiexec.exe /regserver
• %windir%\syswow64\msiexec.exe /unregister
• %windir%\syswow64\msiexec.exe /regserver

重新安装Windows Installer :如果您问我，这是不得已的方法.在其他所有操作都失败之前，请不要尝试.特别要注意的是，在考虑这种黑客攻击之前，请先运行 sfc.exe .

Reinstall Windows Installer: This is the last resort if you ask me. Don't try it until everything else has failed. In particular make sure you run sfc.exe first - before considering this hack.

• https://www .easeus.com/resource/the-windows-installer-service-could-not-be-accessed.html
• https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/office/troubleshoot/office/windows-installer-service-not-be-accesse

• https://www.easeus.com/resource/the-windows-installer-service-could-not-be-accessed.html
• https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/office/troubleshoot/office/windows-installer-service-not-be-accesse

DISM.EXE :尝试修复Windows损坏问题的通用方法-最近还建议在Windows资源管理器搜索框中修复Windows 10问题.最新的1909年更新(2020年1月).

DISM.EXE: Generic way to try to fix Windows corruption issues - also recommended recently to fix the Windows 10 issue in the Windows Explorer search box in the latest 1909 update (Jan 2020).

• 使用DISM或系统更新准备工具修复Windows Update错误" : https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/help/947821/fix- Windows使用Dism或系统更新准备状态来更新错误(请访问此链接)
• 依次运行:
  • DISM.exe /Online /Cleanup-Image /CheckHealth
  • DISM.exe /Online /Cleanup-image /Restorehealth
  • "Fix Windows Update errors by using the DISM or System Update Readiness tool": https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/help/947821/fix-windows-update-errors-by-using-the-dism-or-system-update-readiness (do visit this link)
  • Run in sequence:
    • DISM.exe /Online /Cleanup-Image /CheckHealth
    • DISM.exe /Online /Cleanup-image /Restorehealth

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