为python 3安装软件包

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问题描述

我倾向于在Jupyter笔记本中运行我的代码，而这些笔记本则在python 3中运行.我的计算机上也有python 2.我安装了 pip3 ，所以我能够安装专门针对python 3的软件包，但这似乎对我来说不起作用:

I tend to run my code in Jupyter notebooks, and these run in python 3. I also have python 2 on my computer. I installed pip3 so I'd be able to install packages specifically for python 3 but this doesn't seem to be working out for me:

mba$ pip3 install multidict
Collecting multidict
  Using cached multidict-2.1.2.tar.gz
Building wheels for collected packages: multidict
  Running setup.py bdist_wheel for multidict ... done
  Stored in directory: /Users/mba/Library/Caches/pip/wheels/6e/f3/6a/c1ff64511c3dc2964ade4f9e59f4d7dfc050bd77e0fcc78ca5
Successfully built multidict
Installing collected packages: multidict
Successfully installed multidict-2.1.2
mba:~ $ python3
Python 3.5.2 |Anaconda custom (x86_64)| (default, Jul  2 2016, 17:52:12)
[GCC 4.2.1 Compatible Apple LLVM 4.2 (clang-425.0.28)] on darwin
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import multidict
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
ImportError: No module named 'multidict'
>>> import sys.
  File "<stdin>", line 1
    import sys.
              ^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax
>>> import sys
>>> sys.version
'3.5.2 |Anaconda custom (x86_64)| (default, Jul  2 2016, 17:52:12) \n[GCC 4.2.1 Compatible Apple LLVM 4.2 (clang-425.0.28)]'
>>>

请注意，使用 pip3 安装 multidict 成功，但是当我运行 python3 并尝试 import multidict 时，，这失败了.如何安装所需软件包的正确Python 3版本?

Notice that the multidict install with pip3 succeeded, but when I ran python3 and tried to import multidict, this failed. How can I install the proper Python 3 version of the package I want?

供参考，我使用的是Mac OS X El Capitan.我已经阅读了现有的SO帖子，并尝试遵循以下建议:

For reference, I'm on Mac OS X El Capitan. I've read the existing SO posts and tried following the advice in these:

如何在 Mac 上为 Python 3 安装 pipOS X?
如何在Mac上安装pip3?

这些还没有解决.感谢您的任何建议.

These have not done the trick. Thanks for any suggestions.

推荐答案

我把评论作为答案(4 年后)因为@user20272 建议它很有用.

I put comment as answer (after 4 years) because @user20272 suggested that it is useful.

也许您安装的 Python 很少，而 pip3 使用的版本与您期望的版本不同.

Maybe you have few Python installed and pip3 uses different version than you expect.

首先，您可以检查版本( V 的上部)

First you can check versions (upper V)

pip3 -V

python3 -V

您还可以检查您是否也没有类似的命令

You may also check if you don't have also similar commands

pip3.5 -V
pip3.6 -V
pip3.7 -V

python3.5 -V
python3.6 -V
python3.7 -V

有时候最简单的方法是使用 python 进行安装

Sometimes the simplest method is to use python to install it

python3 -m pip install multidict

稍后，您可以尝试清理此混乱并将正确的 pip3.x 替换为 pip3 .

在Linux上(可能在MacOS上也可能)，可以使用 pip3 和 pip3.x 转到文件夹，删除 pip3 并创建符号链接使用

On Linux (and probably on MacOS too) you can go to folder with pip3 and pip3.x, remove pip3 and create symbolic link using

ln -s pip3.5 pip3

而不是复制文件.

在Linux上(可能在MacOS上也可以)，您可以使用

pip 使用

On Linux (and probably on MacOS too) you can find folder with pip using

which pip3

最终

whereis pip3

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