将内在函数作为模板参数传递

问题描述

我正在尝试将atomicAdd函数作为模板参数传递给另一个函数。

I'm trying to passing atomicAdd function into another function as template parameter.

这是我的内核1：

template<typename T, typename TAtomic>
__global__ void myfunc1(T *address, TAtomic atomicFunc) {
    atomicFunc(address, 1);
}

尝试1：

myfunc1<<<1,1>>>(val.dev_ptr, atomicAdd);

它不起作用，因为编译器无法匹配预期的函数签名。

It does not work due to the compiler cannot match the expected function signature.

尝试2：
首先，我将atomicAdd包装到一个名为MyAtomicAdd的自定义函数中。

Try 2:Firstly, I wrap the atomicAdd into a custom function called MyAtomicAdd.

template<typename T>
__device__ void MyAtomicAdd(T *address, T val) {
    atomicAdd(address, val);
}

然后，我定义了一个名为 TAtomic的函数指针，并将TAtomic声明为

Then, I defined a function pointer called "TAtomic" and declare the TAtomic as template parameter.

typedef void (*TAtomic)(float *,float);

template<typename T, TAtomic atomicFunc>
__global__ void myfunc2(T *address) {
    atomicFunc(address, 1);
}

myfunc2<float, MyAtomicAdd><<<1,1>>>(dev_ptr);
CUDA_CHECK(cudaDeviceSynchronize());

实际上，尝试2种方法。但是，我不想使用typedef。我需要更通用的东西。

Actually, Try 2 works. But, I don't want to use typedef. I need something more generic.

尝试3：
只需将MyAtomicAdd传递给myfunc1。

Try 3:Just passing MyAtomicAdd to myfunc1.

myfunc1<<<1,1>>>(dev_ptr, MyAtomicAdd<float>);
CUDA_CHECK(cudaDeviceSynchronize());

编译器可以编译代码。但是当我运行程序时，报告了错误：

"ERROR in /home/liang/groute-dev/samples/framework/pagerank.cu:70: invalid program counter (76)"

我只是想知道，为什么尝试3无效？是否存在任何简单或温和的方式来实现此要求？谢谢。

I just wondering, why try 3 doesn't work? And any simple or gentle way exists to implement this requirement? Thank you.

推荐答案

尝试3无效，因为您尝试获取的地址主机代码中的__device __ 函数，在CUDA中是非法的：

Try 3 doesn't work because you are attempting to take the address of a __device__ function in host code, which is illegal in CUDA:

myfunc1<<<1,1>>>(dev_ptr, MyAtomicAdd<float>);
                          ^
                          effectively a function pointer - address of a __device__ function

这种用法CUDA中的尝试将解析为某种地址-但这是垃圾，因此当您尝试将其用作设备代码中的实际功能入口点时，会遇到以下错误： invalid程序计数器（或者在某些情况下，只是非法地址）。

Such usage attempts in CUDA will resolve to some sort of an "address" - but it is garbage, so when you try to use it as an actual function entry point in device code, you get the error you encountered: invalid program counter (or in some cases, just illegal address).

您可以通过将内在函数包装在函子中，而不要使用裸露的 __ device __ 函数来使Try 3方法工作（无需 typedef ） ：

You can make your Try 3 method work (without a typedef) by wrapping the intrinsic in a functor instead of a bare __device__ function:

$ cat t48.cu
#include <stdio.h>

template<typename T>
__device__ void MyAtomicAdd(T *address, T val) {
    atomicAdd(address, val);
}


template <typename T>
struct myatomicadd
{
  __device__ T operator()(T *addr, T val){
    return atomicAdd(addr, val);
  }
};

template<typename T, typename TAtomic>
__global__ void myfunc1(T *address, TAtomic atomicFunc) {
    atomicFunc(address, (T)1);
}


int main(){

  int *dev_ptr;
  cudaMalloc(&dev_ptr, sizeof(int));
  cudaMemset(dev_ptr, 0, sizeof(int));
//  myfunc1<<<1,1>>>(dev_ptr, MyAtomicAdd<int>);
  myfunc1<<<1,1>>>(dev_ptr, myatomicadd<int>());
  int h = 0;
  cudaMemcpy(&h, dev_ptr, sizeof(int), cudaMemcpyDeviceToHost);
  printf("h = %d\n", h);
  return 0;
}
$ nvcc -arch=sm_35 -o t48 t48.cu
$ cuda-memcheck ./t48
========= CUDA-MEMCHECK
h = 1
========= ERROR SUMMARY: 0 errors
$

我们也可以实现一个稍微简单的版本，让我们可以从内核模板类型推断出函子模板类型：

We can realize a slightly simpler version of this as well, letting the functor template type be inferred from the kernel template type:

$ cat t48.cu
#include <stdio.h>

struct myatomicadd
{
template <typename T>
  __device__ T operator()(T *addr, T val){
    return atomicAdd(addr, val);
  }
};

template<typename T, typename TAtomic>
__global__ void myfunc1(T *address, TAtomic atomicFunc) {
    atomicFunc(address, (T)1);
}


int main(){

  int *dev_ptr;
  cudaMalloc(&dev_ptr, sizeof(int));
  cudaMemset(dev_ptr, 0, sizeof(int));
  myfunc1<<<1,1>>>(dev_ptr, myatomicadd());
  int h = 0;
  cudaMemcpy(&h, dev_ptr, sizeof(int), cudaMemcpyDeviceToHost);
  printf("h = %d\n", h);
  float *dev_ptrf;
  cudaMalloc(&dev_ptrf, sizeof(float));
  cudaMemset(dev_ptrf, 0, sizeof(float));
  myfunc1<<<1,1>>>(dev_ptrf, myatomicadd());
  float hf = 0;
  cudaMemcpy(&hf, dev_ptrf, sizeof(float), cudaMemcpyDeviceToHost);
  printf("hf = %f\n", hf);
  return 0;
}
$ nvcc -arch=sm_35 -o t48 t48.cu
$ cuda-memcheck ./t48
========= CUDA-MEMCHECK
h = 1
hf = 1.000000
========= ERROR SUMMARY: 0 errors
$

在CUDA中使用设备功能指针的更多方法链接到。

More treatments of the use of device function pointers in CUDA are linked to this answer.

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