带有Python使用者的Docker Kafka

本文介绍了带有Python使用者的Docker Kafka的处理方法，对大家解决问题具有一定的参考价值，需要的朋友们下面随着小编来一起学习吧！

问题描述

我正在使用docker化的Kafka并编写了一个Kafka消费者程序.当我在本地计算机上的docker和应用程序中运行Kafka时，它可以完美运行.但是，当我在docker中配置本地应用程序时，我遇到了问题.该问题可能是由于在启动应用程序之前未创建主题.

I am using dockerized Kafka and written one Kafka consumer program. It works perfectly when I run Kafka in docker and application at my local machine. But when I configured the local application in docker I am facing issues. The issue may be due to a topic not created until time application started.

docker-compose.yml

version: '3'
services:
  zookeeper:
    image: wurstmeister/zookeeper
    ports:
      - "2181:2181"
  kafka:
    image: wurstmeister/kafka
    ports:
      - "9092:9092"
    environment:
      KAFKA_ADVERTISED_HOST_NAME: localhost
      KAFKA_CREATE_TOPICS: "test:1:1"
      KAFKA_ZOOKEEPER_CONNECT: zookeeper:2181
    volumes:
      - /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock
  parse-engine:
    build: .
    depends_on:
      - "kafka"
    command: python parse-engine.py
    ports:
     - "5000:5000"

parse-engine.py

from kafka import KafkaConsumer
import json

try:
    print('Welcome to parse engine')
    consumer = KafkaConsumer('test', bootstrap_servers='localhost:9092')
    for message in consumer:
        print(message)
except Exception as e:
    print(e)
    # Logs the error appropriately.
    pass

错误日志

kafka_1         | [2018-09-21 06:27:17,400] INFO [SocketServer brokerId=1001] Started processors for 1 acceptors (kafka.network.SocketServer)
kafka_1         | [2018-09-21 06:27:17,404] INFO Kafka version : 2.0.0 (org.apache.kafka.common.utils.AppInfoParser)
kafka_1         | [2018-09-21 06:27:17,404] INFO Kafka commitId : 3402a8361b734732 (org.apache.kafka.common.utils.AppInfoParser)
kafka_1         | [2018-09-21 06:27:17,431] INFO [KafkaServer id=1001] started (kafka.server.KafkaServer)
**parse-engine_1  | Welcome to parse engine
parse-engine_1  | NoBrokersAvailable
parseengine_parse-engine_1 exited with code 0**
kafka_1         | creating topics: test:1:1

因为我已经在docker-compose中添加了 depends_on 属性，但是在启动主题应用程序连接之前发生了错误.

As I already added depends_on property in docker-compose but before starting topic application connecting so error occurred.

我了解到可以将脚本添加到docker-compose文件中，但是我正在寻找一些简单的方法.

I read that I can possible to add the script in the docker-compose file but I am looking for some easy way.

感谢帮助

推荐答案

您的问题是网络.在您的Kafka配置中进行设置

Your problem is the networking. In your Kafka config you're setting

KAFKA_ADVERTISED_HOST_NAME: localhost

，但这意味着任何客户端(包括您的python应用程序)都将连接到代理，然后由代理告知其将localhost用于任何连接.由于客户端计算机(例如python容器)中的本地主机不在代理所在的位置，因此请求将失败.

but this means that any client (including your python app) will connect to the broker, and then be told by the broker to use localhost for any connections. Since localhost from your client machine (e.g. your python container) is not where the broker is, requests will fail.

您可以在此处详细了解有关Kafka侦听器的更多信息: https://rmoff.net/2018/08/02/kafka-listeners-explained/

You can read more about Kafka listeners in detail here: https://rmoff.net/2018/08/02/kafka-listeners-explained/

因此，要解决您的问题，您可以执行以下两项操作之一:

So to fix your issue, you can do one of two things:

只需将您的撰写方式更改为对Kafka(KAFKA_ADVERTISED_HOST_NAME: kafka)使用 internal 主机名.这意味着docker网络中内的任何客户端都可以正常访问它，但是没有外部客户端可以(例如从您的主机上)进行访问:

Simply change your compose to use the internal hostname for Kafka (KAFKA_ADVERTISED_HOST_NAME: kafka). This means any clients within the docker network will be able to access it fine, but no external clients will be able to (e.g. from your host machine):

version: '3'
services:
zookeeper:
    image: wurstmeister/zookeeper
    ports:
    - "2181:2181"
kafka:
    image: wurstmeister/kafka
    ports:
    - "9092:9092"
    environment:
    KAFKA_ADVERTISED_HOST_NAME: kafka
    KAFKA_CREATE_TOPICS: "test:1:1"
    KAFKA_ZOOKEEPER_CONNECT: zookeeper:2181
    volumes:
    - /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock
parse-engine:
    build: .
    depends_on:
    - "kafka"
    command: python parse-engine.py
    ports:
    - "5000:5000"

您的客户随后将通过kafka:9092访问代理，因此您的python应用将更改为

Your clients would then access the broker at kafka:9092, so your python app would change to

consumer = KafkaConsumer('test', bootstrap_servers='kafka:9092')

添加卡夫卡的新侦听器.这使它可以在docker网络的内部和外部进行访问.端口29092将用于访问docker网络的 external (例如从您的主机)，而9092将用于 internal 的访问.

Add a new listener to Kafka. This enables it to be accessed both internally and externally to the docker network. Port 29092 would be for access external to the docker network (e.g. from your host), and 9092 for internal access.

您仍然需要更改python程序才能在正确的地址访问Kafka.在这种情况下，由于它是Docker网络的内部，因此您可以使用:

You would still need to change your python program to access Kafka at the correct address. In this case since it's internal to the Docker network, you'd use:

consumer = KafkaConsumer('test', bootstrap_servers='kafka:9092')

由于我不熟悉wurstmeister图像，因此此docker-compose基于我确实知道的Confluent图像:

Since I'm not familiar with the wurstmeister images, this docker-compose is based on the Confluent images which I do know:

(编辑已经弄乱了我的Yaml，您可以在在这里找到)

(editor has mangled my yaml, you can find it here)

---
version: '2'
services:
  zookeeper:
    image: confluentinc/cp-zookeeper:latest
    environment:
      ZOOKEEPER_CLIENT_PORT: 2181
      ZOOKEEPER_TICK_TIME: 2000

  kafka:
    # "`-._,-'"`-._,-'"`-._,-'"`-._,-'"`-._,-'"`-._,-'"`-._,-'"`-._,-'"`-._,-
    # An important note about accessing Kafka from clients on other machines:
    # -----------------------------------------------------------------------
    #
    # The config used here exposes port 29092 for _external_ connections to the broker
    # i.e. those from _outside_ the docker network. This could be from the host machine
    # running docker, or maybe further afield if you've got a more complicated setup.
    # If the latter is true, you will need to change the value 'localhost' in
    # KAFKA_ADVERTISED_LISTENERS to one that is resolvable to the docker host from those
    # remote clients
    #
    # For connections _internal_ to the docker network, such as from other services
    # and components, use kafka:9092.
    #
    # See https://rmoff.net/2018/08/02/kafka-listeners-explained/ for details
    # "`-._,-'"`-._,-'"`-._,-'"`-._,-'"`-._,-'"`-._,-'"`-._,-'"`-._,-'"`-._,-
    #
    image: confluentinc/cp-kafka:latest
    depends_on:
      - zookeeper
    ports:
      - 29092:29092
    environment:
      KAFKA_BROKER_ID: 1
      KAFKA_ZOOKEEPER_CONNECT: zookeeper:2181
      KAFKA_ADVERTISED_LISTENERS: PLAINTEXT://kafka:9092,PLAINTEXT_HOST://localhost:29092
      KAFKA_LISTENER_SECURITY_PROTOCOL_MAP: PLAINTEXT:PLAINTEXT,PLAINTEXT_HOST:PLAINTEXT
      KAFKA_INTER_BROKER_LISTENER_NAME: PLAINTEXT
      KAFKA_OFFSETS_TOPIC_REPLICATION_FACTOR: 1

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