使用数据库H2在Spring Boot中进行测试

问题描述

我正在尝试在带有H2数据库的Spring Boot api上运行测试，但是，当尝试运行测试时，系统使用的是主资源中的application.properties而不是测试.我尝试将文件命名为application-test.properties，并在测试类中使用批注@ActiveProfiles("test")，但这不起作用(先将测试放入main/resource中，然后再放入test/resouce中)现在我不知道该怎么办.

I am trying to run tests on a Spring Boot api with H2 database in the test, however, when trying to run the tests the system is using the application.properties in the main resource instead of the test.I tried naming the file as application-test.properties and use the annotation @ActiveProfiles("test") in the test class but this did not work (testing putting in the main/resource and then in test/resouce)Now I do not know what to try.

我的main/resource/apllication.properties:

My main/resource/apllication.properties:

spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/chamados
spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=12345
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver

spring.jpa.show-sql=true
spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto=update
spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.format_sql=true
spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.dialect = org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect
spring.jpa.database-platform=org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect

我的test/resource/application.properties:

My test/resource/application.properties:

spring.datasource.url=jdbc:h2:mem:testdb
spring.datasource.username=sa
spring.datasource.password=

spring.h2.console.enabled=false

spring.jpa.show-sql=true
spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto=update
spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.format_sql=true

我刚刚运行的测试类:

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class BackEndApplicationTests {

@Test
public void contextLoads() {
}

}

我的pom.xml:

<properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <jwt.version>0.9.1</jwt.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.h2database</groupId>
            <artifactId>h2</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
    </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-security-test</artifactId>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
        <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-test</artifactId>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>

        <!-- Autenticação -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.jsonwebtoken</groupId>
            <artifactId>jjwt</artifactId>
            <version>${jwt.version}</version>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

推荐答案

首先启动Spring Boot，并始终加载application.properties，然后如果存在application-{profile}，则始终加载.在这种情况下，最后一个将覆盖父级的一些属性(application.properties).在 spring-boot文档中找到更多信息.

Spring boot at first and always loads application.properties then if exists application-{profile}. At this case the last one will override some properties from the parent (application.properties). Find more at spring-boot documentation.

您应该具有main/resource/application.properties和test/resource/application-test.properties(在测试目录中不是application.properties )+ @ActiveProfiles("test").然后它将起作用.如果您认为这行不通-请检查正在运行的应用的类路径.例如，idea + maven-目标目录； idea + gradle-构建目录.

You should have main/resource/application.properties and test/resource/application-test.properties (not application.properties at the test directory) + @ActiveProfiles("test"). Then it will work.If you think that is doesn't work - check classpath of running app.For example, idea + maven - target directory; idea + gradle - build directory.

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