问题描述
您好我是新的GUI和Canvas在Java。我正在一个项目，我将需要一个GUI / Canvas（仍然困惑的差异），有三个帧我猜。基本上它是一个电梯项目，其中在画布的任一侧有一个矩形电梯对象，在中间是按钮（堆叠在彼此的顶部），用于表示楼层（所以如果你点击按钮，电梯移动到与按钮相同的行）。我坚持你将如何设计这个帆布。我有一些关于gridLayout和broderlayout的想法，但它现在是一个混乱的混乱。
Hi I am new to GUI and Canvas in Java. I am working on a project where I will need a GUI/Canvas (still confused on the difference) that has three frames I guess. Basically it is an elevator project where on either side of the canvas there is a rectangular elevator object, and in the middle are buttons (stacked on top of each other) that are used to represent floors (so if you click on the button, the elevator moves to the same row as the button). I am stuck on how you would design the canvas for this. I have had some ideas regarding gridLayout and broderLayouts, but it is all a jumbled mess right now.
感谢
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import java.util.ArrayList;
public class UI extends JFrame implements ActionListener
{
ArrayList<JButton> buttonList = new ArrayList();
MyCanvas mainCanvas;
public UI()
{
super("Example Frame");
setSize(800,600);
setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
setVisible(true);
mainCanvas = new MyCanvas();
JPanel mainPanel = new JPanel();
mainPanel.setLayout(new GridLayout(1,3));
JPanel buttonPanel = new JPanel();
buttonPanel.setLayout(new GridLayout(12,1));
//while(true)
//{
// myCanvas.repaint();
//}
for(int i=1; i<13; i++)
{ String s = Integer.toString(i);
buttonPanel.add(new JButton(s));
}
add(mainPanel);
setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
mainPanel.add(buttonPanel, BorderLayout.CENTER);
}
推荐答案
如果它纯粹是关于布局，那么我会使用一系列复合组件和自己的布局来实现你需要的结果...
If it's purely about layouts, then I'd use a series of compound components with there own layouts to achieve the result you need...
如果是关于方法，它会变得更复杂...
If it's about approaches, then it gets more complicated...
基本上，你想分离责任领域。
Basically, you want to seperate the areas of responsibilities.
从这个问题，有两个不同的模型，电梯模型和建筑模型。
From the question, there are two distinct models, a elevator model and a building model.
模型控制，其中用于单个轴的电梯是建筑模型控制诸如层数，单独电梯模型，用于确定如何将电梯呼叫到楼层的算法的地方...
The elevator model controls where the elevator for an individual shaft is where as the building model controls things like, the number of floors, the individual elevator models, the algorithm to determine how an elevator is called to a floor...
以下是一个想法的基本示例。它缺少（其他事项）调用电梯到楼层的逻辑或有状态的电梯信息（移动，等待，打开...）
The following is REALLY basic example of an idea. It's missing (amongst other things) the logic needed to call an elevator to a floor or stateful information about the elevators (moving, waiting, open...)
public class Elevator {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new Elevator();
}
public Elevator() {
EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
try {
UIManager.setLookAndFeel(UIManager.getSystemLookAndFeelClassName());
} catch (ClassNotFoundException ex) {
} catch (InstantiationException ex) {
} catch (IllegalAccessException ex) {
} catch (UnsupportedLookAndFeelException ex) {
}
JFrame frame = new JFrame();
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
frame.setLayout(new BorderLayout());
frame.add(new BuildingPane());
frame.pack();
frame.setVisible(true);
}
});
}
public enum ElevatorShaft {
Left,
Right
}
public interface ElevatorModel {
public int getFloor();
public void setFloor(int floor);
public void addPropertyChangeListener(PropertyChangeListener listener);
public void removePropertyChangeListener(PropertyChangeListener listener);
}
public class DefaultElevatorModel implements ElevatorModel {
private int floor;
private PropertyChangeSupport propertyChangeSupport;
public DefaultElevatorModel(int floor) {
this.floor = floor;
propertyChangeSupport = new PropertyChangeSupport(this);
}
@Override
public void addPropertyChangeListener(PropertyChangeListener listener) {
propertyChangeSupport.addPropertyChangeListener(listener);
}
@Override
public void removePropertyChangeListener(PropertyChangeListener listener) {
propertyChangeSupport.removePropertyChangeListener(listener);
}
@Override
public int getFloor() {
return floor;
}
@Override
public void setFloor(int value) {
if (value != floor) {
int old = floor;
floor = value;
propertyChangeSupport.firePropertyChange("floor", old, floor);
}
}
}
public interface BuildingModel {
public int getFloorCount();
public int getFloor(ElevatorShaft shaft);
public ElevatorModel getElevatorModel(ElevatorShaft shaft);
public void call(int floor);
}
public class DefaultBuildingModel implements BuildingModel {
private int floorCount;
private Map<ElevatorShaft, ElevatorModel> shaftManager;
public DefaultBuildingModel(int floorCount) {
this.floorCount = floorCount;
shaftManager = new HashMap<ElevatorShaft, ElevatorModel>(2);
shaftManager.put(ElevatorShaft.Left, new DefaultElevatorModel((int)Math.round(Math.random() * (floorCount - 1))));
shaftManager.put(ElevatorShaft.Right, new DefaultElevatorModel((int)Math.round(Math.random() * (floorCount - 1))));
}
@Override
public ElevatorModel getElevatorModel(ElevatorShaft shaft) {
return shaftManager.get(shaft);
}
@Override
public int getFloorCount() {
return floorCount;
}
@Override
public int getFloor(ElevatorShaft shaft) {
return shaftManager.get(shaft).getFloor();
}
@Override
public void call(int floor) {
// This will need to determine which elevator should be called
// and call that elevators model "setFloor" method...
}
}
public class BuildingPane extends JPanel {
public BuildingPane() {
setLayout(new GridBagLayout());
BuildingModel model = new DefaultBuildingModel(3);
Shaft leftShaft = new Shaft(model, ElevatorShaft.Left);
Shaft rightShaft = new Shaft(model, ElevatorShaft.Right);
ButtonsPane buttonsPane = new ButtonsPane(model);
GridBagConstraints gbc = new GridBagConstraints();
gbc.gridx = 0;
gbc.gridy = 0;
gbc.fill = GridBagConstraints.VERTICAL;
add(leftShaft, gbc);
gbc.gridx++;
add(buttonsPane, gbc);
gbc.gridx++;
add(rightShaft, gbc);
}
}
public class ButtonsPane extends JPanel {
private BuildingModel model;
public ButtonsPane(BuildingModel model) {
this.model = model;
setLayout(new GridBagLayout());
GridBagConstraints gbc = new GridBagConstraints();
gbc.gridx = 0;
gbc.gridy = 0;
gbc.weighty = 1;
gbc.anchor = GridBagConstraints.CENTER;
int floorCount = model.getFloorCount();
ActionHandler handler = new ActionHandler();
for (int floor = floorCount; floor > 0; floor--) {
JButton button = new JButton("Floor " + floor);
button.setActionCommand(Integer.toString(floor));
button.addActionListener(handler);
add(button, gbc);
gbc.gridy++;
}
}
public BuildingModel getModel() {
return model;
}
public class ActionHandler implements ActionListener {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
String cmd = e.getActionCommand();
try {
int floor = Integer.parseInt(cmd);
getModel().call(floor);
} catch (NumberFormatException exp) {
exp.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
public class Shaft extends JPanel {
private BufferedImage elevator;
private BuildingModel buildingModel;
private ElevatorShaft shaft;
public Shaft(BuildingModel model, ElevatorShaft shaft) {
this.buildingModel = model;
this.shaft = shaft;
buildingModel.getElevatorModel(shaft).addPropertyChangeListener(new PropertyChangeListener() {
@Override
public void propertyChange(PropertyChangeEvent evt) {
if (evt.getPropertyName().equalsIgnoreCase("floor")) {
// Need to update our position, this could
// be done via animation or directly call something
// like repaint..
}
}
});
setBorder(new LineBorder(Color.DARK_GRAY));
setBackground(Color.GRAY);
try {
elevator = ImageIO.read(new File("elevator.png"));
} catch (IOException ex) {
Logger.getLogger(Elevator.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
}
}
public BuildingModel getBuildingModel() {
return buildingModel;
}
public ElevatorShaft getShaft() {
return shaft;
}
public int getFloorCount() {
return getBuildingModel().getFloorCount();
}
public int getFloor() {
return getBuildingModel().getFloor(getShaft());
}
@Override
public Dimension getPreferredSize() {
Dimension size = new Dimension(elevator.getWidth(), elevator.getHeight() * getFloorCount());
Insets insets = getInsets();
size.width += (insets.left + insets.right);
size.height += (insets.top + insets.bottom);
return size;
}
@Override
protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
super.paintComponent(g);
Insets insets = getInsets();
int x = insets.left;
int y = insets.top;
int height = getHeight() - (insets.top + insets.bottom);
int floor = getFloor();
y = height - (elevator.getHeight() * (floor + 1));
g.drawImage(elevator, x, y, this);
}
}
}
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