日期时间到时代的转换

问题描述

我有一个bash问题(使用awk时).我要提取文本文件中第一列和第五列的每个实例，并使用以下代码将其通过管道传递到新文件中，

I have a bash question (when using awk). I'm extracting every single instance of the first and fifth column in a textfile and piping it to a new file with the following code,

cut -f4 test170201.rawtxt | awk '/stream_0/ { print $1, $5  }' > testLogFile.txt

这是文件(test170201.rawtxt)的一部分，我正在从Timestamp和Loss列

This is part of the file (test170201.rawtxt) I'm extracting the data from, columns Timestamp and Loss,

Timestamp                 Stream     Status     Seq         Loss Bytes    Delay
17/02/01.10:58:25.212577  stream_0     OK      80281          0  1000     38473
17/02/01.10:58:25.213401  stream_0     OK      80282          0  1000     38472
17/02/01.10:58:25.215560  stream_0     OK      80283          0  1000     38473
17/02/01.10:58:25.216645  stream_0     OK      80284          0  1000     38472

这是我进入testLogFile.txt的结果

This is the result I'm getting in testLogFile.txt

17/02/01.10:58:25.212577 0
17/02/01.10:58:25.213401 0
17/02/01.10:58:25.215560 0
17/02/01.10:58:25.216645 0

但是，我希望在上面的文件中将Timestamp写入纪元.是否有一种简单的方法来修改我已经必须执行的代码?

However, I want the Timestamp to be written in epoch in the file above. Is there an easy way of modifying the code I already have to do this?

推荐答案

给出:

$ cat file
Timestamp                 Stream     Status     Seq         Loss Bytes    Delay
17/02/01.10:58:25.212577  stream_0     OK      80281          0  1000     38473
17/02/01.10:58:25.213401  stream_0     OK      80282          0  1000     38472
17/02/01.10:58:25.215560  stream_0     OK      80283          0  1000     38473
17/02/01.10:58:25.216645  stream_0     OK      80284          0  1000     38472

您可以编写POSIX Bash脚本来执行所需的操作:

You can write a POSIX Bash script to do what you are looking for:

while IFS= read -r line || [[ -n "$line" ]]; do
    if [[ "$line" =~ ^[[:digit:]]{2}/[[:digit:]]{2}/[[:digit:]]{2} ]]
    then
        arr=($line)
        ts=${arr[0]}
        dec=${ts##*.}   # fractional seconds
        # GNU date may need different flags:
        epoch=$(date -j -f "%y/%m/%d.%H:%M:%S" "${ts%.*}" "+%s")
        printf "%s.%s\t%s\n" "$epoch" "$dec" "${arr[4]}"
    fi
    done <file >out_file

$ cat out_file
1485975505.212577   0
1485975505.213401   0
1485975505.215560   0
1485975505.216645   0

对于GNU日期，请尝试:

For GNU date, try:

while IFS= read -r line || [[ -n "$line" ]]; do
    if [[ "$line" =~ ^[[:digit:]]{2}/[[:digit:]]{2}/[[:digit:]]{2} ]]
    then
        arr=($line)
        ts="20${arr[0]}"
        d="${ts%%.*}"
        tmp="${ts%.*}"
        tm="${tmp#*.}"
        dec="${ts##*.}"    # fractional seconds
        epoch=$(date +"%s" --date="$d $tm" )
        printf "%s.%s\t%s\n" "$epoch" "$dec" "${arr[4]}"
    fi
    done <file >out_file

对于GNU awk解决方案，您可以执行以下操作:

For an GNU awk solution, you can do:

awk 'function epoch(s){
                        split(s, dt, /[/:. ]/)
                        s="20" dt[1] " " dt[2] " " dt[3] " " dt[4] " " dt[5] " " dt[6]
                        return mktime(s) "." dt[7]}
     /^[0-9][0-9]/      { print epoch($1), $5 }'    file >out_file

如果您不希望将小数秒包括在纪元中，则很容易将其删除.

If you don't want the fractional second included in the epoch, they are easily removed.

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