如何将 jpeg 大小减小到“所需大小"?

问题描述

在 Python 3.x 中，我使用 PIL 来调整图像大小，我知道我们可以通过像素减法或除法来减小高度或宽度.但是，是否可以将图像大小调整为所需的大小，例如 200kb 并保持其比例?假设图像较大但尺寸未知.

In Python 3.x, I am using PIL to resize images, I know that we can reduce the height or width by subtraction or division by pixels. But, is it possible to resize an image to a desired size, say 200kb and remain its proportions? Assuming the image(s) is larger but the size is unknown.

推荐答案

我还在学习 Python，所以可能有更好的方法，但这里有一个函数可以将 PIL/Pillow 图像保存为JPEG，并允许您指定最大尺寸.

I am still learning Python, so there may be better ways, but here is a function that saves a PIL/Pillow image as a JPEG and allows you to specify a maximum size.

它使用二进制搜索来最小化所需的工作量，并将其编码到 BytesIO 内存缓冲区中以保存将图像写入磁盘.如果有人有任何改进建议，请告诉我！

It uses a binary search to minimise the amount of work needed and it encodes into BytesIO memory buffer to save writing images to disk. If anyone has any suggestions for improvements, please let me know!

#!/usr/local/bin/python3

import io
import math
import sys
import numpy as np
from PIL import Image

def JPEGSaveWithTargetSize(im, filename, target):
   """Save the image as JPEG with the given name at best quality that makes less than "target" bytes"""
   # Min and Max quality
   Qmin, Qmax = 25, 96
   # Highest acceptable quality found
   Qacc = -1
   while Qmin <= Qmax:
      m = math.floor((Qmin + Qmax) / 2)

      # Encode into memory and get size
      buffer = io.BytesIO()
      im.save(buffer, format="JPEG", quality=m)
      s = buffer.getbuffer().nbytes

      if s <= target:
         Qacc = m
         Qmin = m + 1
      elif s > target:
         Qmax = m - 1

   # Write to disk at the defined quality
   if Qacc > -1:
      im.save(filename, format="JPEG", quality=Qacc)
   else:
      print("ERROR: No acceptble quality factor found", file=sys.stderr)

################################################################################
# main
################################################################################

# Load sample image
im = Image.open('/Users/mark/sample/images/lena.png')

# Save at best quality under 100,000 bytes
JPEGSaveWithTargetSize(im, "result.jpg", 100000)

如果我按原样运行，目标大小为 100,000 字节，我得到:

If I run that as is, with target size of 100,000 bytes, I get:

-rw-r--r--@   1 mark  staff     96835 11 Sep 18:21 result.jpg

如果我将目标大小更改为 50,000 字节，我会得到:

If I change the target size to 50,000 bytes, I get:

-rw-r--r--@   1 mark  staff     49532 11 Sep 18:26 result.jpg

关键字:Python、PIL、枕头、JPEG、质量、质量设置、最大尺寸、最大尺寸、图像、图像处理、二进制搜索.

Keywords: Python, PIL, Pillow, JPEG, quality, quality setting, max size, maximum size, image, image processing, binary search.

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