递归获取Active Directory组的成员，即包括子组

问题描述

在Active Directory中提供这样的组：

Given a group like this in Active Directory:

MainGroup
  GroupA
    User1
    User2
  GroupB
    User3
  User4

我可以轻松确定如果User3是MainGroup或其任何子组的成员，其代码如下：

I can easily determine if User3 is member of MainGroup or any of its subgroups with code like this:

using System;
using System.DirectoryServices;

static class Program {
    static void Main() {
        DirectoryEntry user = new DirectoryEntry("LDAP://CN=User3,DC=X,DC=y");
        string filter = "(memberOf:1.2.840.113556.1.4.1941:=CN=MainGroup,DC=X,DC=y)";
        DirectorySearcher searcher = new DirectorySearcher(user, filter);
        searcher.SearchScope = SearchScope.Subtree;
        var r = searcher.FindOne();
        bool isMember = (r != null);
    }
}

我想知道是否有类似的方法要获取属于组或其任何子组的所有用户，即在MainGroup的示例中，获取User1，User2，User3和User4。

I would like to know if there is a similar way to get all the users that are member of a group or any of its subgroups, i.e. in the example for MainGroup get User1, User2, User3 and User4.

获取所有用户的方法是递归查询每个子组，但是我想知道是否有更简单的方法来做到这一点。

The obvious way of getting all the users is to recursively query each subgroup, but I was wondering if there is an easier way to do it.

使用与 memberOf：1.2.840.113556.1.4.1941：过滤器相同的方法，但使用域用root代替用户作为搜索基础是不可行的，因为查询时间太长（可能会为域中的所有用户递归计算所有组成员身份，并检查它们是否是给定组的成员。）

Using the same approach with the memberOf:1.2.840.113556.1.4.1941: filter, but using the domain root instead of the user as a search base is not feasible, as the query takes too long (probably it computes all the group memberships recursively for all users in the domain and checks if they are member of the given group).

哪种方法是获取组中所有成员（包括其子组）的最佳方法？

Which is the best way to get all members of a group, including its subgroups?

推荐答案

以防万一这可能使其他人受益：这是我最终得到的解决方案。这只是一个递归搜索，需要进行一些额外的检查，以避免两次检查同一组或同一用户，例如

Just in case this might benefit someone else: here is the solution I ended up with. It is just a recursive search, with some extra checks to avoid checking the same group or user twice, e.g. if groupA is member of groupB and groupB is member of groupA or a user is member of more than one group.

using System;
using System.DirectoryServices;
using System.Collections.Generic;

static class Program {

    static IEnumerable<SearchResult> GetMembers(DirectoryEntry searchRoot, string groupDn, string objectClass) {
        using (DirectorySearcher searcher = new DirectorySearcher(searchRoot)) {
            searcher.Filter = "(&(objectClass=" + objectClass + ")(memberOf=" + groupDn + "))";
            searcher.PropertiesToLoad.Clear();
            searcher.PropertiesToLoad.AddRange(new string[] {
                "objectGUID",
                "sAMAccountName",
                "distinguishedName"});
            searcher.Sort = new SortOption("sAMAccountName", SortDirection.Ascending);
            searcher.PageSize = 1000;
            searcher.SizeLimit = 0;
            foreach (SearchResult result in searcher.FindAll()) {
                yield return result;
            }
        }
    }

    static IEnumerable<SearchResult> GetUsersRecursively(DirectoryEntry searchRoot, string groupDn) {
        List<string> searchedGroups = new List<string>();
        List<string> searchedUsers = new List<string>();
        return GetUsersRecursively(searchRoot, groupDn, searchedGroups, searchedUsers);
    }

    static IEnumerable<SearchResult> GetUsersRecursively(
        DirectoryEntry searchRoot,
        string groupDn,
        List<string> searchedGroups,
        List<string> searchedUsers) {
        foreach (var subGroup in GetMembers(searchRoot, groupDn, "group")) {
            string subGroupName = ((string)subGroup.Properties["sAMAccountName"][0]).ToUpperInvariant();
            if (searchedGroups.Contains(subGroupName)) {
                continue;
            }
            searchedGroups.Add(subGroupName);
            string subGroupDn = ((string)subGroup.Properties["distinguishedName"][0]);
            foreach (var user in GetUsersRecursively(searchRoot, subGroupDn, searchedGroups, searchedUsers)) {
                yield return user;
            }
        }
        foreach (var user in GetMembers(searchRoot, groupDn, "user")) {
            string userName = ((string)user.Properties["sAMAccountName"][0]).ToUpperInvariant();
            if (searchedUsers.Contains(userName)) {
                continue;
            }
            searchedUsers.Add(userName);
            yield return user;
        }
    }

    static void Main(string[] args) {
        using (DirectoryEntry searchRoot = new DirectoryEntry("LDAP://DC=x,DC=y")) {
            foreach (var user in GetUsersRecursively(searchRoot, "CN=MainGroup,DC=x,DC=y")) {
                Console.WriteLine((string)user.Properties["sAMAccountName"][0]);
            }
        }
    }

}

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