如何在特定的流浪汉主机上运行Ansible剧本

问题描述

我有一个Vagrantfile，可以创建3个服务器.我有两本有趣的剧本.playbook1应该首先在每个服务器上执行.第二本playbook2应该仅在server1上执行，而不应该在server2和server3上执行.

I have a Vagrantfile which creates 3 servers. I have two ansible playbooks. playbook1 should be executed on every server first. The second playbook2 should only be executed on server1 and not on server2 and server3.

如何使用我的Vagrantfile进行管理?

How can I manage this with my Vagrantfile?

Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
  config.vm.box = "ubuntu/bionic64"

  config.vm.define "server1" do |server1|
    //
  end

  config.vm.define "server2" do |server2|
    //
  end

  config.vm.define "server3" do |server3|
    //
  end

  config.vm.provision "ansible" do |ansible|
    ansible.playbook = "playbook1.yml"
  end
end

上面的代码在所有服务器上执行playbook1.如何为playbook2.yml添加配置，使其仅在server1和之后的playbook1上执行?

The above executes playbook1 on all servers. How can I add config for playbook2.yml to be executed only on server1 and AFTER playbook1?

推荐答案

给出您的示例 Vagrantfile 和理论上的 playbook2.yml 仅在 server2上执行 server1 上的 playbook1.yml 之后，我们将得出以下解决方案:

Given your example Vagrantfile and your theoretical playbook2.yml executing only on server2 after playbook1.yml on server1, we would arrive at the following solution:

Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
  config.vm.box = "ubuntu/bionic64"

  config.vm.define "server1" do |server1|
    //
    # restrict scope of ansible provisioner to server1 by invoking on its class method off the constructor
    server1.vm.provision :ansible do |ansible|
      ansible.playbook = 'playbook1.yml'
    end
  end

  config.vm.define "server2" do |server2|
    //
    # perform similarly for server2, which executes after server1 provisioning due to the imperative ruby dsl
    server2.vm.provision :ansible do |ansible|
      ansible.playbook = 'playbook2.yml'
    end
  end

  config.vm.define "server3" do |server3|
    //
  end
end

还值得注意的是，如果您想精确订购，可以先 vagrant up server1 ，然后再 vagrant up server2 ，而不是多合一无所事事.

It is also worth noting that if you want to be precise about ordering, you can vagrant up server1 and then vagrant up server2 instead of an all-in-one vagrant up.

基本上，在 Vagrant.configure 中，有一个范围会影响 config.vm 中的所有VM.您可以像上面一样使用 config.vm.define 实例化，将其范围限制为特定的VM.用 config.vm.define 实例化的对象VM具有与基本 config 相同的成员/属性.

Basically, within Vagrant.configure there is a scope affecting all VMs within config.vm. You can restrict its scope to specific VMs by instantiating with config.vm.define like you do above. Object VMs instantiated with config.vm.define have the same members/attributes as the base config.

请注意，您还可以根据需要执行以下操作:

Note you can also do something like this if you want:

Vagrant.configure('2') do |config|
  ...
  (1..3).each do |i|
    config.vm.define "server#{i}" do |server|
      //
      server.vm.provision :ansible do |ansible|
        ansible.playbook = "playbook#{i}.yml"
      end
    end
  end
end

针对每个服务器的特定剧本.这取决于每个虚拟机特定于//的确切内容，以及是否要为第三台虚拟机提供第三本手册.

for a per-server specific playbook. This depends on what exactly is within your // though specific to each VM, and if you wanted a third playbook for the third VM.

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