如何避免这两个SQL语句之间出现死锁?

表 DFile :主键= DFileID 表 DLevel :主键= DLevelID，外键:DFileID 表模型:主键= ModelID，外键:DFileID 表 ELement :主键=元素ID，外键1:DFileID，外键2:DLevelID Table DFile: Primary Key = DFileID Table DLevel: Primary Key = DLevelID, Foreign Key: DFileID Table Model: Primary Key = ModelID, Foreign Key: DFileID Table ELement: Primary key = ElementID, Foreign Key1: DFileID, Foreign Key2: DLevelID我已经隔离了导致死锁的两个确切的SQL语句(每个存储过程一个).我已经看到这两个过程都报告了僵局.在这两种情况下，我都使用top(1000)，并且两个语句都循环执行，直到它们完成，而没有行要删除/插入.I have isolated the exact two SQL statements (one from each stored procedure) that are causing the deadlock. I have seen the deadlock reported by either of the procedures. I use top (1000) in both cases and both statements are executed in a loop until they complete with no rows left to delete/insert. SQL语句1:while (...)begin delete top (1000) from DLevel where DFileID = @fileID1 ...end SQL语句2:while (...)begin insert into Element (ElementID, DFileID, LevelNum, ...) select top (1000) el.ElementID, el.DFileID, el.LevelNum, ... from ElementLoader el with (nolock) left outer join Element e with (nolock) on e.ElementID = el.ElementID where el.DFileID = @fileID2 and e.ElementID is null order by el.ElementID ...end注意: @ fileID1 和 @ fileID2 的值始终保证是不同的. DLevel表平均大约单个 DFileID 包含60行，因此只需一次通过即可完成所有行的删除.Note: The values for @fileID1 and @fileID2 are always guaranteed to be different. DLevel table has on average approx. 60 rows for a single DFileID and thus would complete deletion of all rows in a single pass.如何避免这两个SQL语句之间出现死锁?How can I avoid a deadlock between these two SQL statements? 修改1:重写以更好地阐明问题；新增图片；简化了SQL，并删除了对DLevel表的联接，这并没有导致死锁.Edit 1:Rewritten to better clarify issue; added image; simplified SQL and removed join to DLevel table, which did not contribute to deadlock. 修改2:添加了死锁图的XML.现在，死锁发生在 Model 表上.与 DLevel 表类似的 Model 删除语句和架构.Edit 2:Added XML of deadlock graph.Deadlock now occurs on Model table. Similar delete statement and schema for Model as for DLevel table.<deadlock victim="process2bae38"> <process-list> <process id="process2bae38" taskpriority="0" logused="4760" waitresource="PAGE: 11:1:1946" waittime="46" ownerId="4127445" transactionname="DELETE" lasttranstarted="2010-06-24T16:19:00.107" XDES="0xffffffff90552ae0" lockMode="S" schedulerid="1" kpid="14252" status="suspended" spid="58" sbid="0" ecid="0" priority="0" transcount="2" lastbatchstarted="2010-06-24T16:19:00.107" lastbatchcompleted="2010-06-24T16:19:00.107" clientapp=".Net SqlClient Data Provider" hostname="LT0103" hostpid="1668" loginname="NT AUTHORITY\SYSTEM" isolationlevel="read committed (2)" xactid="4127445" currentdb="11" lockTimeout="4294967295" clientoption1="673185824" clientoption2="128056"> <executionStack> <frame procname="CadExplorer5.dbo.pCleanUpOldFiles" line="364" stmtstart="23718" stmtend="23834" sqlhandle="0x03000b00fb1c2229b1a7f7009f9d00000100000000000000">delete top (@batchSize) from Model where DFileID = @fileID </frame> </executionStack> <inputbuf>Proc [Database Id = 11 Object Id = 690101499] </inputbuf> </process> <process id="process2c95b8" taskpriority="0" logused="283388" waitresource="KEY: 11:72057594039304192 (8100bdf15e8b)" waittime="78" ownerId="4127412" transactionname="INSERT" lasttranstarted="2010-06-24T16:19:00.103" XDES="0xffffffff81d5ef18" lockMode="S" schedulerid="2" kpid="8460" status="suspended" spid="63" sbid="0" ecid="0" priority="0" transcount="2" lastbatchstarted="2010-06-24T16:18:59.413" lastbatchcompleted="2010-06-24T16:18:59.413" clientapp=".Net SqlClient Data Provider" hostname="LT0103" hostpid="1668" loginname="NT AUTHORITY\SYSTEM" isolationlevel="read committed (2)" xactid="4127412" currentdb="11" lockTimeout="4294967295" clientoption1="673185824" clientoption2="128056"> <executionStack> <frame procname="CadExplorer5.dbo.pLoadElements" line="288" stmtstart="28796" stmtend="33194" sqlhandle="0x03000b00a689fe2b2c5107019f9d00000100000000000000">insert into Element ( ElementID, DFileID, ModelID, ElementTypeID, CADElementID, ParentID, LevelNum, Depth, NumChildren, Color, Weight, Style, Xlo, Ylo, Zlo, Xhi, Yhi, Zhi, Diagonal, XCenter, BitFlags, ElementModTime ) select top (@batchSize) el.ElementID, el.DFileID, el.ModelID, el.ElementTypeID, el.CADElementID, parent.ElementID as ParentID, (case when el.LoaderType = 1 and et.IsGraphical = 1 then el.LevelAttrib else null end) as LevelNum, --l.LevelNum, el.Depth, el.NumChildren, el.Color, el.Weight, el.Style, el.Xlo, el.Ylo, el.Zlo, el.Xhi, el.Yhi, el.Zhi, el.Diagonal, el.XCenter, </frame> </executionStack> <inputbuf>Proc [Database Id = 11 Object Id = 738101670] </inputbuf> </process> </process-list> <resource-list> <pagelock fileid="1" pageid="1946" dbid="11" objectname="CadExplorer5.dbo.Element" id="lockffffffff86ffd080" mode="IX" associatedObjectId="72057594039107584"> <owner-list> <owner id="process2c95b8" mode="IX"/> </owner-list> <waiter-list> <waiter id="process2bae38" mode="S" requestType="wait"/> </waiter-list> </pagelock> <keylock hobtid="72057594039304192" dbid="11" objectname="CadExplorer5.dbo.Model" indexname="PK_Model" id="lockffffffff8d66db80" mode="X" associatedObjectId="72057594039304192"> <owner-list> <owner id="process2bae38" mode="X"/> </owner-list> <waiter-list> <waiter id="process2c95b8" mode="S" requestType="wait"/> </waiter-list> </keylock> </resource-list></deadlock>推荐答案您可以尝试从Element表中删除DLevel.DFileID的外键.由于您在DLevel.DlevelID上具有主键，并且在Element中将其作为外键引用，因此实际上并不需要DFileID外键.You might try removing the Foreign Key to DLevel.DFileID from the Element table. Since you have a Primary Key on DLevel.DlevelID and you reference that as a Foreign key in Element, the DFileID foreign key is not really needed. 这篇关于如何避免这两个SQL语句之间出现死锁?的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持！ 上岸，阿里云！