格式化 timedelta 对象

问题描述

我有两个 datetime 对象.我需要计算它们之间的 timedelta，然后以特定格式显示输出.

Alpha_TimeObj = datetime.datetime(int(AlphaTime.strftime('%Y')), int(AlphaTime.strftime('%m')), int(AlphaTime.strftime('%d')), int(AlphaTime.strftime('%H')), int(AlphaTime.strftime('%M')), int(AlphaTime.strftime('%S')))Beta_TimeObj = datetime.datetime(int(BetaTime.strftime('%Y')), int(BetaTime.strftime('%m')), int(BetaTime.strftime('%d')), int(BetaTime.strftime('%H')), int(BetaTime.strftime('%M')), int(BetaTime.strftime('%S')))Turnaround_TimeObj = Beta_TimeObj - Alpha_TimeObj

此 Turnaround_TimeObj 时间增量的示例是2 天，22:13:45".我想格式化输出，但我无法这样做.

print Turnaround_TimeObj.strftime('%H hrs %M mins %S secs')

不起作用.

我知道这样做的一种方法是将其转换为秒，然后进行 divmoding 以获得所需的格式.

如:

totalSeconds = Turnaround_TimeObj.seconds小时，余数 = divmod(totalSeconds, 3600)分钟，秒 = divmod(余数，60)打印 '%s:%s:%s' %(小时、分钟、秒)

但我想知道是否可以使用任何日期时间函数(如 strftime)在一行中完成.

实际上转换为秒也不起作用.如果我使用以下方法将时间增量1 天，3:42:54"转换为秒:

totalSeconds = Turnaround_TimeObj.seconds

totalSeconds 值显示为 13374 而不是 99774.即它忽略了天"值.

解决方案

据我所知，timedelta 没有内置方法可以做到这一点.如果你经常这样做，你可以创建自己的函数，例如

def strfdelta(tdelta, fmt):d = {天":tdelta.days}d["小时"], rem = divmod(tdelta.seconds, 3600)d["分钟"], d["秒"] = divmod(rem, 60)返回 fmt.format(**d)

用法:

>>>打印 strfdelta(delta_obj, "{days} 天 {hours}:{minutes}:{seconds}")1 天 20:18:12>>>打印 strfdelta(delta_obj, "{hours} 小时和 {minutes} to go")还有 20 小时 18 小时

如果您想使用更接近 strftime 使用的字符串格式，我们可以使用 string.Template:

from string 导入模板类DeltaTemplate(模板):分隔符 = "%"def strfdelta(tdelta, fmt):d = {D":tdelta.days}d["H"], rem = divmod(tdelta.seconds, 3600)d["M"], d["S"] = divmod(rem, 60)t = DeltaTemplate(fmt)返回 t.substitute(**d)

用法:

>>>打印 strfdelta(delta_obj, "%D 天 %H:%M:%S")1 天 20:18:12>>>打印 strfdelta(delta_obj, "%H hours and %M to go")还有 20 小时 18 小时

totalSeconds 值显示为 13374 而不是 99774.即它忽略了天"值.

请注意，在上面的示例中，您可以使用 timedelta.days 来获取天"值.

或者，从 Python 2.7 开始，timedelta 有一个 total_seconds() 方法返回包含在持续时间内的总秒数.

I have two datetime objects. I need to calculate the timedelta between them and then show the output in a specific format.

Alpha_TimeObj = datetime.datetime(int(AlphaTime.strftime('%Y')), int(AlphaTime.strftime('%m')), int(AlphaTime.strftime('%d')), int(AlphaTime.strftime('%H')), int(AlphaTime.strftime('%M')), int(AlphaTime.strftime('%S')))
Beta_TimeObj = datetime.datetime(int(BetaTime.strftime('%Y')), int(BetaTime.strftime('%m')), int(BetaTime.strftime('%d')), int(BetaTime.strftime('%H')), int(BetaTime.strftime('%M')), int(BetaTime.strftime('%S')))
Turnaround_TimeObj = Beta_TimeObj  - Alpha_TimeObj

An example of this Turnaround_TimeObj time delta is "2 days, 22:13:45". I want to format the output, but I am unable to do so.

print Turnaround_TimeObj.strftime('%H hrs %M mins %S secs')

doesn't work.

I know one way of doing this will be to convert it to seconds and then divmoding to get the required formatting.

As in:

totalSeconds = Turnaround_TimeObj.seconds
hours, remainder = divmod(totalSeconds, 3600)
minutes, seconds = divmod(remainder, 60)
print '%s:%s:%s' % (hours, minutes, seconds)

But I was wondering if I can do it in a single line using any date time function like strftime.

Actually converting to seconds doesn't work either. If I convert the time delta "1 day, 3:42:54" to seconds using:

totalSeconds = Turnaround_TimeObj.seconds

The totalSeconds value is shown as 13374 instead of 99774. i.e. it's ignoring the "day" value.

解决方案

As far as I can tell, there isn't a built-in method to timedelta that does that. If you're doing it often, you can create your own function, e.g.

def strfdelta(tdelta, fmt):
    d = {"days": tdelta.days}
    d["hours"], rem = divmod(tdelta.seconds, 3600)
    d["minutes"], d["seconds"] = divmod(rem, 60)
    return fmt.format(**d)

Usage:

>>> print strfdelta(delta_obj, "{days} days {hours}:{minutes}:{seconds}")
1 days 20:18:12
>>> print strfdelta(delta_obj, "{hours} hours and {minutes} to go")
20 hours and 18 to go

If you want to use a string format closer to the one used by strftime we can employ string.Template:

from string import Template

class DeltaTemplate(Template):
    delimiter = "%"

def strfdelta(tdelta, fmt):
    d = {"D": tdelta.days}
    d["H"], rem = divmod(tdelta.seconds, 3600)
    d["M"], d["S"] = divmod(rem, 60)
    t = DeltaTemplate(fmt)
    return t.substitute(**d)

Usage:

>>> print strfdelta(delta_obj, "%D days %H:%M:%S")
1 days 20:18:12
>>> print strfdelta(delta_obj, "%H hours and %M to go")
20 hours and 18 to go

---

Note in the example above that you can use timedelta.days to get the "day" value.

Alternatively, from Python 2.7 onwards, timedelta has a total_seconds() method which return the total number of seconds contained in the duration.

这篇关于格式化 timedelta 对象的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持！