多行搜索和替换

本文介绍了多行搜索和替换的处理方法，对大家解决问题具有一定的参考价值，需要的朋友们下面随着小编来一起学习吧！

问题描述

我有一个非结构化文件，我想搜索并替换字符串模式.

I have an unstructured file and I would like to search and replace pattern of strings.

必须替换SELECT和FROM字符串之间的字符串；这个模式之外的人应该保持原样.

文件格式就像

col4 is required to be upper so
make col4 upper
abc 12345 !$% DATA SELECT 
col1 as col1,
col2 as col2.
col3,
sch.col4 as col4,
sch.tab.col4 as col4_1,
col4,
col5 FROM sch.tab
xyz 34354 ^&* DATA SELECT
col5 as col5,
col3,
col4,
col4 as col4,
col4 FROM
blah blah blah

我要替换:

col4,与upper(col4) as col4,
sch.col4与upper(sch.col4)
sch.tab.col4与upper(sch.tab.col4)
col4(如果col4在选择查询的末尾)与upper(col4) as col4

col4, with upper(col4) as col4,
sch.col4 with upper(sch.col4)
sch.tab.col4 with upper(sch.tab.col4)
col4(if col4 is at the end of select query) with upper(col4) as col4

该文件位于linux服务器上，我尝试使用sed和awk缩小包含col4的行，但无法从那里向前移动.

The file is on linux server and I tried using sed and awk to narrow down the lines containing col4 but could not move forward from there.

我可以使用以下内容识别一种模式

I was able to identify one pattern using below

awk '/SELECT/,/FROM/' test_file.txt | awk '/col4/{print $0, NR}' | awk -F AS '{print $1}'

在SELECT和FROM之间找到文本
标识具有col4
的行打印第一个字段

Find the text between SELECT and FROM
Identify the lines that have col4
print the first field

sed -n -e '/SELECT/,/FROM/p' -e 's/\(\([a-zA-Z]\{1,\}\.\)\{0,\}\)col4/upper(\0)/g' test_file.txt

并使用sed

实际:

col4 is required to be upper so
make col4 upper
abc 12345 !$% DATA SELECT
col1 as col1,
col2 as col2.
col3,
sch.col4 as col4,
sch.tab.col4 as col4_1,
col4,
col5 FROM sch.tab
xyz 34354 ^&* DATA SELECT
col5 as col5,
col3,
col4,
col4 as col4,
col4 FROM
blah blah blah

预期结果:

col4 is required to be upper so
make col4 upper
abc 12345 !$% DATA SELECT
col1 as col1,
col2 as col2.
col3,
upper(sch.col4) as col4,
upper(sch.tab.col4) as col4_1,
upper(col4) as col4,
col5 FROM sch.tab
xyz 34354 ^& DATA SELECT
col5 as col5,
col3,
upper(col4) as col4,
upper(col4) as col4,
upper(col4) as col4 FROM
blah blah blah

非常感谢您的帮助！

推荐答案

使用sed:

sed '/SELECT/,/FROM/ {s/as col4 *//;s/\([A-Za-z]*\.\)\{0,\}col4/upper(&) as col4/;}' file

说明:

s/as col4 *//:删除现有的as col4以防止第二次替换后出现重复
\([A-Za-z]*\.\)\{0,\}col4:搜索0个或更多字母和点的组合，后跟col4
upper(&) as col4/;:替换为新文本(使用&插入匹配字符串)

s/as col4 *//: existing as col4 is removed to prevent duplicates after second substitution
\([A-Za-z]*\.\)\{0,\}col4: search for 0 or more combinations of letters and dots followed by col4
upper(&) as col4/;: replace with new text(matching string is inserted using &)

这篇关于多行搜索和替换的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持！

Col4