了解 matplotlib xticks 语法

问题描述

我正在看一本书，我遇到了这个代码:

I am reading a book and I came across this code:

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
plt.scatter(x,y)
plt.title("Web traffic over the last month")
plt.xlabel("Time")
plt.ylabel("Hits/hour")
plt.xticks([w*7*24 for w in range(10)],
  ['week %i'%w for w in range(10)])
plt.autoscale(tight=True)
plt.grid()
plt.show()

对于上下文， x 是一个整数数组，对应于一个小时.y 是该特定小时内的点击"数组(从用户到网站).

For context, x is an array of integers corresponding to an hour. y is an array of "hits" (from users to a website) in that particular hour.

我知道该代码会累积所有时间，因此可以在一周内显示它们，但是有人可以解释一下这些功能的作用吗?我的目标是了解此行的所有语法:

I understand that the code accumulates all the hours so that it can display them in a week, but could someone please explain what these functions do? My goal is to understand all the syntax of this line:

plt.xticks([w*7*24 for w in range(10)],
  ['week %i'%w for w in range(10)])

特别是:

• 什么是range?

这是生成的:

以下是附加上下文的示例数据:

Here is sample data for additional context:

1   2272
2   nan
3   1386
4   1365
5   1488
6   1337
7   1883
8   2283
9   1335
10  1025
11  1139
12  1477
13  1203
14  1311
15  1299
16  1494
17  1159
18  1365
19  1272
20  1246
21  1071
22  1876
23  nan
24  1410
25  925
26  1533
27  2104
28  2113
29  1993
30  1045

推荐答案

为了理解range，打开python，依次编写如下命令:

In order to understand range, open python and write in sequence the following commands:

 range(7)
 range(4,8)
 range(3,11,2)

对于plt.xticks中的列表理解，它们基本上是一种编写循环的紧凑方式.它们非常常见，有用且简洁.为了理解它们:

For the list comprehensions within the plt.xticks, they are basically a compact way of writing loops. They are very common, useful and neat. In order to understand them:

 [w*2 for w in range(10)]
 [w*2 for w in range(10) if w < 4]

最后，对于命令plt.xticks本身，您可以检查 http://matplotlib.org/api/pyplot_api.html#matplotlib.pyplot.xticks ，其中包含简单示例的简短说明.

Finally, for the command plt.xticks itself you can check http://matplotlib.org/api/pyplot_api.html#matplotlib.pyplot.xticks for a very brief explanation with simple examples.

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