我如何对servlet进行单元测试？

问题描述

我有一个名为 Calculator 的servlet。它读取参数 left ， right 和 op 并返回通过在响应中设置属性结果。

I have a servlet called Calculator. It reads the parameters left, right and op and returns by setting an attribute result in the response.

对单元测试最简单的方法是什么：基本上我想要的创建一个HttpServletRequest，设置参数，然后检查响应 - 但我该怎么做？

What is the easiest way to unit test this: basically I want to create an HttpServletRequest, set the parameters, and then checking the response - but how do I do that?

这是servlet代码（它的目的很小而且很愚蠢）：

Here's the servlet code (it's small and silly on purpose):

public class Calculator extends javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet implements javax.servlet.Servlet {
public Calculator() {
    super();
}
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
    throws ServletException, IOException {
}
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
    throws ServletException, IOException {
    Integer left = Integer.valueOf(request.getParameter("left"));
    Integer right = Integer.valueOf(request.getParameter("right"));
    Integer result = 0;
    String op = request.getParameter("operator");
    if ("add".equals(op)) result = this.opAdd(left, right);
    if ("subtract".equals(op)) result = this.opSub(left, right);
    if ("multiply".equals(op)) result = this.opMul(left, right);
    if ("power".equals(op)) result = this.opPow(left, right);
    if ("divide".equals(op)) result = this.opDiv(left, right);
    if ("modulo".equals(op)) result = this.opMod(left, right);

    request.setAttribute("result", result); // It'll be available as ${sum}.
    request.getRequestDispatcher("index.jsp").forward(request, response);
    }
}
...

}

推荐答案

通常，程序的重要逻辑会被分解到其他类中，这些类可以在各种上下文中使用，而不是紧密耦合到Servlet引擎。这使得servlet本身成为Web和应用程序之间的简单适配器。

Often, the important logic of a program is factored out into other classes, that are usable in a variety of contexts, instead of being tightly coupled to a Servlet Engine. This leaves the servlet itself as a simple adapter between the web and your application.

这使程序更容易测试，并且更容易在桌面等其他环境中重用移动应用。

This makes the program easier to test, and easier to reuse in other contexts like a desktop or mobile app.

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