问题描述
我的问题：
我的iPhone应用程序如何告诉iOS，用户确实在应用偏好中选择了一种语言，这与一般设置中设置的语言不同？
How can my iPhone-app tell the iOS, that the user did select a language in the apps preferences, that is different from the language set in the general settings?
同一问题的其他表述：
我如何告诉系统， NSLocalizedString（@text，@comment）; 不应该访问系统范围内选定的语言，但是应用内选择的语言？
How can i tell the system, that NSLocalizedString (@"text", @"comment"); should not access the systemwide selected language, but the in-app-selected language?
背景，例如：
请带以这种情况为例：
德国移民的儿子住在法国东北部，毗邻卢森堡和德国。他的母语是法语，因此他确实将iPhone的用户界面语言设置为法语（设置 - >常规 - >国际 - >语言 - >Français）。但由于他的文化背景以及他所居住的地区是双语的，他也说得非常好。但他不会说十个英语单词。在iPhone（以及iPad上），他没有机会选择第二语言，所以手机只知道他是法国人。它不了解其他语言的用户技能。
Please take this situation as an example:A son of german immigrants is living in the north-east of France next to Luxemburg and Germany. His native language is French, so he did set the user-interfaces language of his iPhone to French (Settings -> General -> International -> Language -> Français). But due to his cultural background and because the region where he is living is bilingual, he also speaks German very well. But he doesn't speak ten words of English. On an iPhone (and iPad as well) he has no chance to select a second language, so the phone only knows that he spreaks french. It has no knowledge of the users skills in other languages.
现在我的应用程序：我用英语和德语开发了它（德语是我的母语，英语是标准的 - IT中的语言）。我根据多语言iOS应用程序的所有规则和最佳实践进行了开发。我的应用程序的第一语言（默认语言）是英语。
Now comes my app: I did develop it in English and German (German is my native language and English is standard-language in IT). I did develop it according to all rules and best practices for mulilingual iOS-Apps. "First" Language (default language) of my app is English.
这意味着：
如果某人在他的设置中选择了英语或德语，则应用程序用户界面将自动使用所选语言。用户甚至不会注意到还有其他语言可用。
If somebody has chosen English or German in his Settings, the apps user-interface automatically will use the selected language. The user will not even notice that there are other languages available.
但如果他在一般设置中选择了任何其他语言（如中文，波兰语或法语），将获得应用程序默认语言，在我的情况下，这是英语。但对于我的法德朋友来说，这不是最好的选择。他想使用现有的德语版本，但似乎无法让用户选择此版本。
But if he did select any other language (like Chinese, Polish or French) in the general settings, he will get the apps default-language, which, in my case, is English. But for my french-german friend this is not the best choice. He would like to use the existing german version, but there seems to be no way to let the user select this version.
添加法语翻译可以解决我们的问题法国 - 德国朋友，但不是说其他两种语言（如意大利语和德语）的人，我不能用这个星球上所说的所有语言支持我的应用程序。
将默认语言设置为德语也不是最佳选择，因为对于讲法语（母语）和英语（作为第二语言）的人来说，这会产生同样的问题。
Adding a french translation would solve the problem for our french-german friend, but not for people speaking two other languages (such as italian and german), and I can not support my app with all languages spoken on this planet.Setting the default-language to German is also not optimal, because this would rise the same problem for people speaking french (an native language) and English (as second language).
所以我认为我的应用程序必须能够手动选择与预选语言不同的语言。将语言选择添加到应用程序设置面板不是问题。但是我怎么能告诉系统， NSLocalizedString（@text，@comment）; 不应该访问系统范围内选定的语言，而是应用程序内选择的语言语言？
So I think my app must have the possibility to manually select a language that is different from the pre-selected language. Adding a language-selection to the apps settings-panel ist not the problem. But how can i tell the system, that NSLocalizedString (@"text", @"comment"); should not access the systemwide selected language, but the in-app-selected language?
推荐答案
与此同时，我确实找到了解决我自己问题的方法：
In the meantime I did find a solution for my problem on myself:
我创建了一个新类LocalizeHelper：
I created a new class "LocalizeHelper":
Header LocalizeHelper.h
//LocalizeHelper.h
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
// some macros (optional, but makes life easy)
// Use "LocalizedString(key)" the same way you would use "NSLocalizedString(key,comment)"
#define LocalizedString(key) [[LocalizeHelper sharedLocalSystem] localizedStringForKey:(key)]
// "language" can be (for american english): "en", "en-US", "english". Analogous for other languages.
#define LocalizationSetLanguage(language) [[LocalizeHelper sharedLocalSystem] setLanguage:(language)]
@interface LocalizeHelper : NSObject
// a singleton:
+ (LocalizeHelper*) sharedLocalSystem;
// this gets the string localized:
- (NSString*) localizedStringForKey:(NSString*) key;
//set a new language:
- (void) setLanguage:(NSString*) lang;
@end
iMplementation LocalizeHelper.m
// LocalizeHelper.m
#import "LocalizeHelper.h"
// Singleton
static LocalizeHelper* SingleLocalSystem = nil;
// my Bundle (not the main bundle!)
static NSBundle* myBundle = nil;
@implementation LocalizeHelper
//-------------------------------------------------------------
// allways return the same singleton
//-------------------------------------------------------------
+ (LocalizeHelper*) sharedLocalSystem {
// lazy instantiation
if (SingleLocalSystem == nil) {
SingleLocalSystem = [[LocalizeHelper alloc] init];
}
return SingleLocalSystem;
}
//-------------------------------------------------------------
// initiating
//-------------------------------------------------------------
- (id) init {
self = [super init];
if (self) {
// use systems main bundle as default bundle
myBundle = [NSBundle mainBundle];
}
return self;
}
//-------------------------------------------------------------
// translate a string
//-------------------------------------------------------------
// you can use this macro:
// LocalizedString(@"Text");
- (NSString*) localizedStringForKey:(NSString*) key {
// this is almost exactly what is done when calling the macro NSLocalizedString(@"Text",@"comment")
// the difference is: here we do not use the systems main bundle, but a bundle
// we selected manually before (see "setLanguage")
return [myBundle localizedStringForKey:key value:@"" table:nil];
}
//-------------------------------------------------------------
// set a new language
//-------------------------------------------------------------
// you can use this macro:
// LocalizationSetLanguage(@"German") or LocalizationSetLanguage(@"de");
- (void) setLanguage:(NSString*) lang {
// path to this languages bundle
NSString *path = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:lang ofType:@"lproj" ];
if (path == nil) {
// there is no bundle for that language
// use main bundle instead
myBundle = [NSBundle mainBundle];
} else {
// use this bundle as my bundle from now on:
myBundle = [NSBundle bundleWithPath:path];
// to be absolutely shure (this is probably unnecessary):
if (myBundle == nil) {
myBundle = [NSBundle mainBundle];
}
}
}
@end
对于您想要支持的每种语言，您需要一个名为 Localizable.strings 的文件。这完全与Apples文档中描述的本地化一样。唯一的区别是：现在你甚至可以使用像Apple不支持的hindi或esperanto等语言。
For each language you want to support you need a file named Localizable.strings. This works exactly as described in Apples documentation for localization. The only difference: Now you even can use languages like hindi or esperanto, that are not supported by Apple.
举个例子，这是我的第一行英语和德语版本的Localizable.strings：
To give you an example, here are the first lines of my english and german versions of Localizable.strings:
英语
/* English - English */
/* for debugging */
"languageOfBundle" = "English - English";
/* Header-Title of the Table displaying all lists and projects */
"summary" = "Summary";
/* Section-Titles in table "summary" */
"help" = "Help";
"lists" = "Lists";
"projects" = "Projects";
"listTemplates" = "List Templates";
"projectTemplates" = "Project Templates";
德语
/* German - Deutsch */
/* for debugging */
"languageOfBundle" = "German - Deutsch";
/* Header-Title of the Table displaying all lists and projects */
"summary" = "Überblick";
/* Section-Titles in table "summary" */
"help" = "Hilfe";
"lists" = "Listen";
"projects" = "Projekte";
"listTemplates" = "Vorlagen für Listen";
"projectTemplates" = "Vorlagen für Projekte";
要使用本地化，您必须有一些设置 - 您的应用程序中的例程，以及您调用宏的语言选择：
To use localizing, you must have some settings-routines in your app, and in the language-selection you call the macro:
LocalizationSetLanguage(selectedLanguage);
之后你必须确保以旧语言显示的所有内容都重新绘制在新版本中语言现在（隐藏文本必须在它们再次可见时重新绘制）。
After that you must enshure, that everything that was displayed in the old language, gets redrawn in the new language right now (hidden texts must be redrawn as soon as they get visible again).
要为每种情况提供本地化文本，您永远不必将修复文本写入对象标题。总是使用宏 LocalizedString（关键字）。
To have localized texts available for every situation, you NEVER must write fix texts to the objects titles. ALWAYS use the macro LocalizedString(keyword).
不要：
cell.textLabel.text = @"nice title";
执行：
cell.textLabel.text = LocalizedString(@"nice title");
并且在每个版本的Localizable.strings中都有一个好标题条目！
and have a "nice title" entry in every version of Localizable.strings!
这篇关于iOS-App（iPhone和iPad）中的手动语言选择的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持！