如何使用注释在Spring中按名称自动装配？

问题描述

我定义了几个相同类的bean：

I have several beans of the same class defined:

  @Bean
  public FieldDescriptor fullSpotField() {
     FieldDescriptor ans = new FieldDescriptor("full_spot", String.class);
     return ans;
  }

  @Bean
  public FieldDescriptor annotationIdField() {
     FieldDescriptor ans = new FieldDescriptor("annotationID", Integer.class);
     return ans;
  }

因此当我自动装货时

   @Autowired
   public FieldDescriptor fullSpotField;

   @Autowired
   public FieldDescriptor annotationIdField;

我得到例外

NoUniqueBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [...FieldDescriptor] is defined: expected single matching bean but found ...

如何在XML配置中按名称自动装配？

How to autowire by name as it possible in XML config?

推荐答案

你可以使用 @Qualifer 来解决它。

在你的情况下，你可以：

In your case you can make:

 @Bean
 @Qualifier("fullSpot") // Not mandatory. If not specified, it takes the method name i.e., "fullSpotField" as qualifier name.
  public FieldDescriptor fullSpotField() {
     FieldDescriptor ans = new FieldDescriptor("full_spot", String.class);
     return ans;
  }

  @Bean
  @Qualifier("annotationIdSpot") // Same as above comment.
  public FieldDescriptor annotationIdField() {
     FieldDescriptor ans = new FieldDescriptor("annotationID", Integer.class);
     return ans;
  }

随后您可以使用以下注入：

and subsequently you can inject using:

   @Autowired
   @Qualifier("fullSpot")
   public FieldDescriptor fullSpotField;

   @Autowired
   @Qualifier("annotationIdSpot")
   public FieldDescriptor annotationIdField;

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