问题描述
我想在shell脚本中暂停输入,并提示用户选择.
标准Yes
,No
或Cancel
类型的问题.
如何在典型的bash提示符下完成此操作?
I want to pause input in a shell script, and prompt the user for choices.
The standard Yes
, No
, or Cancel
type question.
How do I accomplish this in a typical bash prompt?
推荐答案
在shell提示符下获取用户输入的最简单,使用最广泛的方法是 read
命令.演示其用法的最佳方法是一个简单的演示:
The simplest and most widely available method to get user input at a shell prompt is the read
command. The best way to illustrate its use is a simple demonstration:
while true; do
read -p "Do you wish to install this program?" yn
case $yn in
[Yy]* ) make install; break;;
[Nn]* ) exit;;
* ) echo "Please answer yes or no.";;
esac
done
另一种方法,是Bash的"> c4> 命令.这是使用select
的相同示例:
Another method, pointed out by Steven Huwig, is Bash's select
command. Here is the same example using select
:
echo "Do you wish to install this program?"
select yn in "Yes" "No"; do
case $yn in
Yes ) make install; break;;
No ) exit;;
esac
done
使用select
,您无需清理输入–它会显示可用的选项,然后键入与您的选项相对应的数字.它还会自动循环,因此如果输入无效的输入,则无需while true
循环重试.
With select
you don't need to sanitize the input – it displays the available choices, and you type a number corresponding to your choice. It also loops automatically, so there's no need for a while true
loop to retry if they give invalid input.
此外,LéaGris 展示了一种使请求语言不可知的方法. ="https://stackoverflow.com/a/57739142/9084">她的答案.修改我的第一个示例以更好地服务于多种语言可能看起来像这样:
Also, Léa Gris demonstrated a way to make the request language agnostic in her answer. Adapting my first example to better serve multiple languages might look like this:
set -- $(locale LC_MESSAGES)
yesptrn="$1"; noptrn="$2"; yesword="$3"; noword="$4"
while true; do
read -p "Install (${yesword} / ${noword})? " yn
case $yn in
${yesptrn##^} ) make install; break;;
${noptrn##^} ) exit;;
* ) echo "Answer ${yesword} / ${noword}.";;
esac
done
很显然,此处没有翻译其他通信字符串(安装,回答),这需要通过更完整的翻译来解决,但在许多情况下,即使是部分翻译也将有所帮助.
Obviously other communication strings remain untranslated here (Install, Answer) which would need to be addressed in a more fully completed translation, but even a partial translation would be helpful in many cases.
最后,请通过优秀答案 /1765658/f-hauri> F.豪里(Hauri).
Finally, please check out the excellent answer by F. Hauri.
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