用ggplot2重新创建高级基本R图

问题描述

下面的代码使用R中的基本绘图功能创建一个pareto图表.如何使用ggplot创建相同的图表?

The code below creates a pareto chart using base plotting functions in R. How do I create the same chart with ggplot?

* 我确实知道有些人会讨厌带有两个y轴的图.请不要在这篇文章中包含这个辩论.谢谢

## Creating the d tribble
library(tidyverse)
d <- tribble(
  ~ category, ~defect,
  "price", 80,
  "schedule", 27,
  "supplier", 66,
  "contact", 94,
  "item", 33
)

## Creating new columns
d <- arrange(d, desc(defect)) %>%
  mutate(
    cumsum = cumsum(defect),
    freq = round(defect / sum(defect), 3),
    cum_freq = cumsum(freq)
  )

## Saving Parameters
def_par <- par()

## New margins
par(mar=c(5,5,4,5))

## bar plot, pc will hold x values for bars
pc = barplot(d$defect,
             width = 1, space = 0.2, border = NA, axes = F,
             ylim = c(0, 1.05 * max(d$cumsum, na.rm = T)),
             ylab = "Cummulative Counts" , cex.names = 0.7,
             names.arg = d$category,
             main = "Pareto Chart (version 1)")

## Cumulative counts line
lines(pc, d$cumsum, type = "b", cex = 0.7, pch = 19, col="cyan4")

## Framing plot
box(col = "grey62")

## adding axes
axis(side = 2, at = c(0, d$cumsum), las = 1, col.axis = "grey62", col = "grey62", cex.axis = 0.8)
axis(side = 4, at = c(0, d$cumsum), labels = paste(c(0, round(d$cum_freq * 100)) ,"%",sep=""),
     las = 1, col.axis = "cyan4", col = "cyan4", cex.axis = 0.8)

## restoring default paramenter
par(def_par)

推荐答案

这是一个开始.我将您的dplyr函数组合到一个流中，只是为了避免分配和重新分配变量d.我添加了一个mutate调用，该调用使用forcats(带有tidyverse的船舶)中的fct_reorder根据defect的相应值对category进行排序.

Here's a start. I combined your dplyr functions into a single stream, just to avoid assigning and reassigning the variable d. I added a mutate call that makes category a factor, ordered based on corresponding values of defect, using fct_reorder from forcats (ships with tidyverse).

我不确定如何获得左y轴中断.我通过采用d$cumsum的唯一值来手动设置它们，但是可能有一种方法可以在scale_y_continuous的breaks参数中为其编写函数.

What I'm not sure about is how to get the left y-axis breaks. I set them manually by taking the unique values of d$cumsum, but there might be a way to write a function for it within the breaks argument in scale_y_continuous.

ggplot2的最新版本允许使用辅助轴，但是它需要基于主轴的转换.在这种情况下，这意味着它应该采用主轴的值并除以最大值以获得百分比.

The more recent versions of ggplot2 allow for a secondary axis, but it needs to be based on a transformation of the primary axis. In this case, that means it should take the primary axis's values and divide by the maximum value to get a percentage.

如@ClausWilke在评论中所指出的那样，要确保辅助轴与数据正确对齐，以使最高点位于100％，请在设置辅助轴时使用~. / max(d$cumsum).

As pointed out in comments by @ClausWilke, to make sure the secondary axis aligns properly with the data, such that the top point is at 100%, use ~. / max(d$cumsum) in setting up your secondary axis.

library(tidyverse)

d <- tribble(
    ~ category, ~defect,
    "price", 80,
    "schedule", 27,
    "supplier", 66,
    "contact", 94,
    "item", 33
) %>% arrange(desc(defect)) %>%
    mutate(
        cumsum = cumsum(defect),
        freq = round(defect / sum(defect), 3),
        cum_freq = cumsum(freq)
    ) %>%
    mutate(category = as.factor(category) %>% fct_reorder(defect))

brks <- unique(d$cumsum)

ggplot(d, aes(x = fct_rev(category))) +
    geom_col(aes(y = defect)) +
    geom_point(aes(y = cumsum)) +
    geom_line(aes(y = cumsum, group = 1)) +
    scale_y_continuous(sec.axis = sec_axis(~. / max(d$cumsum), labels = scales::percent), breaks = brks)

由 reprex软件包(v0.2.0)创建于2018-05-12.

Created on 2018-05-12 by the reprex package (v0.2.0).

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