C ++中派生类的平等测试

问题描述

$

b
$ b

在C ++中，派生类如何以有意义的方式覆盖基类的等式测试？

例如，基本类A.类B和C从A派生。现在给定两个A对象的两个指针，我可以测试它们是否相等（包括任何子类数据）？

  class A {
 public：int data; 
}; 
 
 class B：public A {
 public：float more_data; bool something_else; 
}; 
 
 class C：public A {
 public：double more_data; 
}; 
 
 
 A * one = new B; 
 A * two = new B; 
 A * three = new C; 
 
 //如何测试一个，两个或三个是否等于
 //包括任何派生类数据？ 
  

有干净的方法吗？

谢谢！

解决方案

对公共非虚拟/非公共虚拟成语及其优点的简要描述，而不是在哪里。 有一个好的描述。

以下是如何将它应用于op ==：

  struct A {
 virtual〜A（）{} 
 
 int a; 
 
 friend 
 bool operator ==（A const& lhs，A const& rhs）{
 return lhs.equal_to（rhs）; 
} 
 // http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barton-Nackman_trick 
 //以简化的形式在这里使用
 
 protected：
 virtual equal_to（A const& other）const {
 return a == other.a; 
} 
}; 
 
 struct B：A {
 int b; 
 
 protected：
 virtual equal_to（A const& other）const {
 if（B const * p = dynamic_cast< B const *>（& other））{
 return A :: equal_to（other）&& b == p-> b; 
} 
 else {
 return false; 
} 
} 
}; 
 
 struct C：A {
 int c; 
 
 protected：
 virtual equal_to（A const& other）const {
 if（C const * p = dynamic_cast< C const *>（& other））{
 return A :: equal_to（other）&& c == p-> c; 
} 
 else {
 return false; 
} 
} 
}; 
  

In C++, how can derived classes override the base class equality test in a meaningful way?

For example, say I have a base class A. Classes B and C derive from A. Now given two pointers to two A objects, can I test if they are equal (including any subclass data)?

class A {
    public: int data;
};

class B : public A {
    public: float more_data; bool something_else;
};

class C : public A {
    public: double more_data;
};


    A* one = new B;
    A* two = new B;
    A* three = new C;

    //How can I test if one, two, or three are equal
    //including any derived class data?

Is there a clean way of doing it? What's my best bet?

Thanks!

解决方案

I remember reading a succinct description of the public-non-virtual/non-public-virtual idiom and its advantages, but not where. This wikibook has an okay description.

Here is how you apply it to op==:

struct A {
  virtual ~A() {}

  int a;

  friend
  bool operator==(A const& lhs, A const& rhs) {
    return lhs.equal_to(rhs);
  }
  // http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barton-Nackman_trick
  // used in a simplified form here

protected:
  virtual equal_to(A const& other) const {
    return a == other.a;
  }
};

struct B : A {
  int b;

protected:
  virtual equal_to(A const& other) const {
    if (B const* p = dynamic_cast<B const*>(&other)) {
      return A::equal_to(other) && b == p->b;
    }
    else {
      return false;
    }
  }
};

struct C : A {
  int c;

protected:
  virtual equal_to(A const& other) const {
    if (C const* p = dynamic_cast<C const*>(&other)) {
      return A::equal_to(other) && c == p->c;
    }
    else {
      return false;
    }
  }
};

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