如何在Linux上的C中查找未初始化的变量?

问题描述

我的C源代码有许多未初始化的变量.该代码在RHEL 6.4操作系统上.

My C source code has many unintialized variables. The code is on RHEL 6.4 operating system.

有没有办法找到所有未初始化的变量?

Is there a way to find all the uninitialized variables?

推荐答案

查找所有所有是不可能的.但是，有一些工具可以帮助您找到其中一些:

Finding all of them is impossible, in the mathematical sense (at least without false-positives). However, there are some tools to help find some of them:

• 打开编译器警告.对于 gcc ，这将是 -Wuninitialized ， -Winit-self 和 -Wmaybe-uninitialized .请注意，您将需要在各种优化级别上进行尝试；您会在不同的 -O 级别收到不同的警告.请注意， -Wmaybe-uninitialized (顾名思义)可能会带来误报.
• 对于未初始化的内存(如 malloc 等)，可以使用 valgrind .这实际上需要运行程序.
• 静态检查器，例如 splint .(感谢安迪·莱斯特的建议.)

• Turn on compiler warnings. With gcc, this would be -Wuninitialized, -Winit-self, and -Wmaybe-uninitialized. Note that you will need to try this with various levels of optimization; you'll get different warnings at different -O levels. Note that -Wmaybe-uninitialized (as the name suggests) may give false positives.
• For uninitialized memory (as in malloc, etc.), you can use valgrind. This actually requires running the program.
• Static checkers such as splint. (Thanks to Andy Lester for this suggestion.)

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