问题描述
我正在编写一些代码来解释Linux中ls命令的输出(以使其对新手更友好).作为测试用例之一，我执行了命令'ls -l/dev/tty'，它返回了
I'm writing some code to interpret the output of the ls command in Linux (to make it more friendly to newcomers). As one of the test cases, I executed the command 'ls -l /dev/tty', and it returned
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root 5, 0 Apr 15 23:46 /dev/tty
第一列中的第一个字符'c'的含义是什么?我知道'd'，'l'和'-'.您可以列出该字段的所有可能值吗?
What is the meaning of first char 'c' meaning in first column? I know 'd', 'l', and '-'. Could you list all possible values for this field?
推荐答案
这是基于字符的(而不是基于块的)设备文件.
It's a character-based (as opposed to block-based) device file.
基于块的设备是有意义的(以足够多的方式)以块形式传输数据的任何设备.那样，我的意思是磁盘之类的东西.
Blocked-based devices are anything where it makes sense to transfer data in (surprisingly enough) blocks. By that, I mean things like disks.
基于字符的设备(再次，这应该不足为奇)倾向于一次传输字符.诸如终端，串行端口，打印机等之类的东西.
Character-based devices (and again, this should come as no surprise) tend to transfer characters at a time. Things like terminals, serial ports, printers and so on.
如果您正在运行一个不错的Linux发行版，则可以使用以下命令获取该信息(以及您可能需要的更多信息):
If you're running a decent Linux distro, that information (plus more than you could probably ever need) can be obtained with the command:
info ls
其中包含以下小片段:
The file type is one of the following characters:
- regular file
b block special file
c character special file
C high performance ("contiguous data") file
d directory
D door (Solaris 2.5 and up)
l symbolic link
M off-line ("migrated") file (Cray DMF)
n network special file (HP-UX)
p FIFO (named pipe)
P port (Solaris 10 and up)
s socket
? some other file type
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