我怎么向我的Cocoa应用程序添加AppleScript的支持？

问题描述

我是新来的Cocoa编程的世界，我想AppleScript的支持添加到我的应用程序。在苹果公司的网站上的例子似乎过时了。

我如何加入的AppleScript支持我的Cocoa应用程序？

解决方案

1. 如果您想从您的应用程序发送的AppleScript，需要一个沙盒应用程序，你需要创建一个临时的权利




2. 您需要在您的info.plist添加这两个键

    ＆LT;串GT;的NSApplication＆LT; /串＆GT;
   ＆LT;密钥GT; NSAppleScriptEnabled＆LT; /键＆GT;
   ＆lt;真/＆GT;
   ＆LT;密钥GT; OSAScriptingDefinition＆LT; /键＆GT;
   ＆LT;串GT; MyAppName.sdef＆LT; /串＆GT;
    

   ...当然你要MyAppName更改为您的应用程序的名称




3. 创建.sdef文件并将其添加到您的项目。
   进一步当然，现在在很大程度上取决于应用程序的需求，主要有：

   
   
   1. 顶级元素（创建的AppleScript的对象）
   
   
   2. 命令元素（覆盖NSScriptCommand和执行动词，如命令）
   
   
   3. 枚举元素
   
   
   4. 记录类型元素
   
   
   5. 数值类型元素（KVC）
   
   
   6. 可可元素
   
   

   -

   去这里找到一个详细的说明，并就其实施的许多细节：https://developer.apple.com/library/mac/#documentation/Cocoa/Conceptual/ScriptableCocoaApplications/SApps_script_cmds/SAppsScriptCmds.html




4. 我发现类和KVC要素非常复杂的工作，因为我只是想执行一个命令，没有什么花哨。因此，为了帮助别人，这里是如何创建一个新的简单的例子命令有一个参数。在这个例子中，它会查找一根弦是这样的：

    告诉应用程序MyAppName
       查找一些字符串
   告诉结束
    




5. 此命令的.sdef文件看起来是这样的：

    ＆LT;？XML版本=1.0编码=UTF-8＆GT？;
   ！＆LT; D​​OCTYPE词典系统文件：//localhost/System/Library/DTDs/sdef.dtd＆GT;＆LT;字典标题=MyAppName＆GT;
       ＆LT;套件名称=MyAppName套房code =MApN描述=MyAppName脚本＆GT;
           ＆LT;命令名称=查找code =lkpstrng描述=查找的字符串，条目的搜索＆GT;
               ＆LT;可可类=MyLookupCommand/＆GT;
               ＆LT;直接参数描述=字符串查找＆GT;
                   ＆LT;类型type =TEXT/＆GT;
               ＆LT; /直接参数＆GT;
           ＆LT; /指挥GT;
       ＆LT; /套房＆GT;
   ＆LT; /字典＆GT;
    




6. 创建NSScriptCommand的子类，并将其命名为MyLookupCommand

   该MyLookupCommand.h

    ＃进口＆LT;基金会/ Foundation.h＆GT;@interface MyLookupCommand：NSScriptCommand@结束
    

   该MyLookupCommand.m

    ＃进口MyLookupCommand.h@implementation MyLookupCommand - （ID）performDefaultImplementation {    //获取参数
       *的NSDictionary ARGS = [个体经营evaluatedArguments]
       * NSString的stringToSearch = @;
       如果（args.count）{
           stringToSearch = [参数valueForKey：@]; //获取直接的说法
       }其他{
           //引发错误
           [个体经营setScriptErrorNumber：-50]。
           [个体经营setScriptErrorString：@参数错误：参数是预期的动词'查找'（你必须指定_what_要查找！）。];
       }
       //实现你code逻辑（在这个例子中，我只是发布内部通知）
       [NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] postNotificationName：@AppShouldLookupStringNotification对象：stringToSearch];
       回零;
   }@结束
    

   这基本上它。秘密这是子类的 NSScriptCommand 的并重写的 performDefaultImplementation 的。我希望这可以帮助别人更快地得到它...

I am new to the world of Cocoa programming, and I want to add Applescript support to my application. The examples at Apple's website seem out of date.

How do I add Applescript support to my Cocoa application?

解决方案

1. If you want to send AppleScript from your application and need a sandboxed app, you need to create a temporary entitlement

2. You need to add those two keys in your info.plist

   <string>NSApplication</string>
   <key>NSAppleScriptEnabled</key>
   <true/>
   <key>OSAScriptingDefinition</key>
   <string>MyAppName.sdef</string>
   

   ...of course you have to change "MyAppName" to your app's name

3. Create a .sdef file and add it to your project.The further course now greatly depends on the needs of your application, there are:

   1. Class Elements (create an object from AppleScript)
   2. Command Elements (override NSScriptCommand and execute "verb-like" commands)
   3. Enumeration Elements
   4. Record-Type Elements
   5. Value-Type Elements (KVC)
   6. Cocoa Elements

   -

   Go here to find a detailed description and many details on their implementation: https://developer.apple.com/library/mac/#documentation/Cocoa/Conceptual/ScriptableCocoaApplications/SApps_script_cmds/SAppsScriptCmds.html

4. I found working with Class and KVC Elements very complicated, as I just wanted to execute a single command, nothing fancy. So in order to help others, here's an example of how to create a new simple command with one argument. In this example it'll "lookup" one string like this:

   tell application "MyAppName"
       lookup "some string"
   end tell
   

5. The .sdef file for this command looks like this:

   <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
   <!DOCTYPE dictionary SYSTEM "file://localhost/System/Library/DTDs/sdef.dtd">
   
   <dictionary title="MyAppName">
       <suite name="MyAppName Suite" code="MApN" description="MyAppName Scripts">
           <command name="lookup" code="lkpstrng" description="Look up a string, searches for an entry">
               <cocoa class="MyLookupCommand"/>
               <direct-parameter description="The string to lookup">
                   <type type="text"/>
               </direct-parameter>
           </command>
       </suite>
   </dictionary>
   

6. Create a subclass of NSScriptCommand and name it MyLookupCommand

   The MyLookupCommand.h

   #import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
   
   @interface MyLookupCommand : NSScriptCommand
   
   @end
   

   The MyLookupCommand.m

   #import "MyLookupCommand.h"
   
   @implementation MyLookupCommand
   
   -(id)performDefaultImplementation {
   
       // get the arguments
       NSDictionary *args = [self evaluatedArguments];
       NSString *stringToSearch = @"";
       if(args.count) {
           stringToSearch = [args valueForKey:@""];    // get the direct argument
       } else {
           // raise error
           [self setScriptErrorNumber:-50];
           [self setScriptErrorString:@"Parameter Error: A Parameter is expected for the verb 'lookup' (You have to specify _what_ you want to lookup!)."];
       }
       // Implement your code logic (in this example, I'm just posting an internal notification)
       [[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] postNotificationName:@"AppShouldLookupStringNotification" object:stringToSearch];
       return nil;
   }
   
   @end
   

   That's basically it. The secret to this is to subclass NSScriptCommand and override performDefaultImplementation. I hope this helps someone to get it faster...

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