使用seaborn在条形图中垂直更改色标/渐变

问题描述

我想为 seaborn barplot/countplot 的每个条设置垂直渐变，

#to reproduce above plot
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import seaborn as sns

sns.set(style="whitegrid", color_codes=True)
np.random.seed(sum(map(ord, "categorical")))
titanic = sns.load_dataset("titanic")
sns.countplot(x="deck", data=titanic, palette="Greens_d")
plt.show()

This image has horizontal gradient but I want the gradient to be vertical, like the linear down or linear up gradient in Excel https://support.office.com/en-us/article/add-a-gradient-color-to-a-shape-11cf6392-723c-4be8-840a-b2dab4b2ba3e

See the example here from https://matplotlib.org/gallery/lines_bars_and_markers/gradient_bar.htmlfor vertical gradient Neglect the background, colour is immaterial.

p.s. Newbie to seaborn

解决方案

I based this on ImportanceOfBeingErnest's answer here using good old fashioned Matplotlib. Essentially looping through the bar containers in Seaborn's countplot and using imshow with a gradient. Hope this helps!

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import seaborn as sns
import numpy as np

def gradientbars(bars):
    grad = np.atleast_2d(np.linspace(0,1,256)).T # Gradient of your choice

    rectangles = bars.containers[0]
    # ax = bars[0].axes
    fig, ax = plt.subplots()

    xList = []
    yList = []
    for rectangle in rectangles:
        x0 = rectangle._x0
        x1 = rectangle._x1
        y0 = rectangle._y0
        y1 = rectangle._y1

        xList.extend([x0,x1])
        yList.extend([y0,y1])

        ax.imshow(grad, extent=[x0,x1,y0,y1], aspect="auto", zorder=0)

    ax.axis([min(xList), max(xList), min(yList), max(yList)*1.1]) # *1.1 to add some buffer to top of plot

    return fig,ax


sns.set(style="whitegrid", color_codes=True)
np.random.seed(sum(map(ord, "categorical")))

# Load dataset
titanic = sns.load_dataset("titanic")

# Make Seaborn countplot
seabornAxHandle = sns.countplot(x="deck", data=titanic, palette="Greens_d")
plt.show() # Vertical bars with horizontal gradient

# Call gradientbars to make vertical gradient barplot using Seaborn ax
figVerticalGradient, axVerticalGradient = gradientbars(seabornAxHandle)

# Styling using the returned ax
axVerticalGradient.xaxis.grid(False)
axVerticalGradient.yaxis.grid(True)

# Labeling plot to match Seaborn
labels=titanic['deck'].dropna().unique().to_list() # Chaining to get tick labels as a list
labels.sort()
plt.ylabel('count')
plt.xlabel('deck')
plt.xticks(range(0,len(labels)), labels)  # Set locations and labels

plt.show() # Vertical bars with vertical gradient

Output from Seaborn countplot:

Output with vertical gradient bars:

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