将变量/值从一帧传递到另一帧——Tkinter/Python

问题描述

我正在尝试使用 Tkinter 和 python 编写一个多窗口应用程序.我已经设法创建了 GUI，它从一个页面流向了下一个页面，但我不知道如何将在一个框架上收集的信息传递到另一个框架.

I am trying to write a multi-window application with Tkinter and python. I have managed to create the GUI and it flows from one page to the next but I don't know how to pass information collected on one frame to another frame.

这是我的主要应用程序类:

Here is my main application class:

class SampleApp(tk.Tk):

  def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
  tk.Tk.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)

  # the container is where we'll stack a bunch of frames
  # on top of each other, then the one we want visible
  # will be raised above the others
  container = tk.Frame(self)
  container.pack(side="top", fill="both", expand=True)
  container.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
  container.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=1)

  self.frames = {}
  for F in (MainMenu, ScanItem, Account, Confirm, RemoveItem):
    frame = F(container, self)
    self.frames[F] = frame
    # put all of the pages in the same location;
    # the one on the top of the stacking order
    # will be the one that is visible.
    frame.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky="news")

  self.show_frame(MainMenu)

def show_frame(self, c):
  # Show a frame for the given class
  frame = self.frames[c]
  frame.tkraise()

ScanItem 框架:

ScanItem frame:

class ScanItem(tk.Frame):

  def __init__(self, parent, controller):
    tk.Frame.__init__(self, parent)
    self.__barcode = tk.StringVar(None)

    barcode = tk.Entry(self, textvariable=self.__barcode,
                   font="Helvetica 16 bold", justify="center")
    cancel_btn = tk.Button(self, text="Cancel",
                        command=lambda: controller.show_frame(MainMenu))
    tk.Label(self, font="Helvetica 16 bold", text="Scan Item").grid(
          row=0, column=0, columnspan=6, sticky="news")

    barcode.grid(row=2, column=1, columnspan=4, sticky="news")
    cancel_btn.grid(row=4, column=1, columnspan=4, sticky="news", pady=10)

    # focus cursor on barcode entry widget
    barcode.focus_set()
    # usb scanner output has a <Return> character at the end of the barcode
    barcode.bind('<Return>', (lambda event: self.lookup()))

    for i in range(5):
      self.grid_rowconfigure(i, weight=1)
    for j in range(6):
      self.grid_columnconfigure(j, weight=1)

  def get_barcode(self):
    return self.__barcode

  def lookup(self):
    # tkMessageBox.showinfo("Barcode Scanned", self.__barcode.get())
    self.__controller.show_frame(Confirm)

确认框架:

class Confirm(tk.Frame):

  def __init__(self, parent, controller):
    tk.Frame.__init__(self, parent)

    barcode = tk.Label(self, font="Helvetica 8 bold",
                   text="Barcode from Scan Item goes here")
    cancel_btn = tk.Button(self, text="Cancel", width=100,
                        command=lambda: controller.show_frame(MainMenu))
    submit_btn = tk.Button(self, text="Submit", width=100)

    tk.Label(self, font="Helvetica 16 bold", text="Confirm Barcode").grid(
          row=0, column=0, columnspan=6, sticky="news")
    barcode.grid(row=1, column=1, columnspan=4, sticky="news")
    cancel_btn.grid(row=2, column=0, columnspan=3, sticky="news")
    submit_btn.grid(row=2, column=3, columnspan=3, sticky="news")

    for i in range(3):
      self.grid_rowconfigure(i, weight=1)
    for j in range(6):
      self.grid_columnconfigure(j, weight=1)

我想将来自 ScanItem Entry 小部件的条形码放入 Confirm 类 (Frame)，以便我将其显示在另一个框架上(并最终使用传递的信息执行其他操作).如何将信息从 ScanItem 类传递到 Confirm 类?

I would like to get the barcode from the ScanItem Entry widget in to the Confirm class (Frame) so I display it on another frame (and eventually do other stuff with the information passed along). How do I pass the information from the ScanItem class to the Confirm class?

提前致谢.

推荐答案

您可以通过使用属性样式函数(getter/setter)来实现(因为您的窗口具有干净的父子关系).

You can achieve that (as you are having a clean parent-child relation of your windows) by using property style functions (getters/setters).

我个人会避免像 self.__controller.show_frame(Confirm) 那样创建确认窗口.

I personally would avoid creating the Confirm window like self.__controller.show_frame(Confirm).

您可以创建一个类的实例，例如 self.__confirmFrame=Confirm()，然后在 self.__confirmFrame 上调用 setter.

You could create an instance of your class like self.__confirmFrame=Confirm() and then call the setters on self.__confirmFrame.

要取回值，您可以创建一个事件并绑定在该事件上，或者使用 getter 并调用它们.这里的最佳实践是(我个人的意见)两者的结合 - 例如在 submit_btn 单击事件处创建一个事件，然后在您的父框架中绑定创建的事件(例如 "<< submit >>")以调用值的 getter你要.同样可以在 cancel_btn 点击事件上完成(如果需要).

To get values back you could either create a event and bind on that or use getters and call them. Best practice here would be (my personal opinion) a combination of both - e.g. create an event at submit_btn click event and then bind the created event (e.g. "<< submit >>") in your parent frame to call the getters of the values you want. Same could be done (if neccessary) on cancel_btn click event.

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