使用终端从文件中删除多个单词

问题描述

我有一个单词列表，它们要从文件 file.txt 中删除.我该如何使用终端.

I have a list of words word1 word2 word3 which I want to delete from a file file.txt. How can i do that using terminal.

推荐答案

假设:

• 替换仅应出现在整个单词上，而不仅仅是任何子字符串.
• 替换应该在就地发生-即，结果应写回到输入文件中.

• Replacements should only occur for whole words, not just any substrings.
• Replacements should occur in-place - i.e., the results should be written back to the input file.

• GNU sed (改编自@jaypal的评论):

• GNU sed (adapted from @jaypal's comment):

sed -r -i 's/\b(word1|word2|word3)\b//g' file.txt

FreeBSD/OSX sed :

sed -E -i '' 's/[[:<:]](word1|word2|word3)[[:>:]]//g' file.txt

如果搜索词可以是彼此的子字符串的变体解决方案:

Variant solution in case the search words can be substrings of each other:

# Array of sample search words.
words=( 'arrest' 'arrested' 'word3' )

# Sort them in reverse order and build up a list of alternatives
# for use with `sed` later ('word3|arrested|arrest').
# Note how the longer words among words that are substrings of
# each other come before the shorter ones.
reverseSortedAlternativesList=$(printf '%s\n' "${words[@]}" | sort -r  | tr '\n' '|')
# Remove the trailing '|'.
reverseSortedAlternativesList=${reverseSortedAlternativesList%|}

# GNU sed:
sed -r -i 's/\b('"$reverseSortedAlternativesList"')\b//g' file.txt

# FreeBSD/OSX sed:
sed -E -i '' 's/[[:<:]]('"$reverseSortedAlternativesList"')[[:>:]]//g' file.txt

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