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And here is a dump of the sections and symbols for the object file produced by MSVC using the above code compiled in debug mode (the dump was created with llvm-readobj, a utility which comes with llvm/clang):File: Source.objFormat: COFF-i386Arch: i386AddressSize: 32bitSections [ Section { Number: 1 Name: .drectve (2E 64 72 65 63 74 76 65) VirtualSize: 0x0 VirtualAddress: 0x0 RawDataSize: 65 PointerToRawData: 0x2BC PointerToRelocations: 0x0 PointerToLineNumbers: 0x0 RelocationCount: 0 LineNumberCount: 0 Characteristics [ (0x100A00) IMAGE_SCN_ALIGN_1BYTES (0x100000) IMAGE_SCN_LNK_INFO (0x200) IMAGE_SCN_LNK_REMOVE (0x800) ] } Section { Number: 2 Name: .debug$S (2E 64 65 62 75 67 24 53) VirtualSize: 0x0 VirtualAddress: 0x0 RawDataSize: 3380 PointerToRawData: 0x2FD PointerToRelocations: 0x1031 PointerToLineNumbers: 0x0 RelocationCount: 8 LineNumberCount: 0 Characteristics [ (0x42100040) IMAGE_SCN_ALIGN_1BYTES (0x100000) IMAGE_SCN_CNT_INITIALIZED_DATA (0x40) IMAGE_SCN_MEM_DISCARDABLE (0x2000000) IMAGE_SCN_MEM_READ (0x40000000) ] } Section { Number: 3 Name: .debug$T (2E 64 65 62 75 67 24 54) VirtualSize: 0x0 VirtualAddress: 0x0 RawDataSize: 136 PointerToRawData: 0x1081 PointerToRelocations: 0x0 PointerToLineNumbers: 0x0 RelocationCount: 0 LineNumberCount: 0 Characteristics [ (0x42100040) IMAGE_SCN_ALIGN_1BYTES (0x100000) IMAGE_SCN_CNT_INITIALIZED_DATA (0x40) IMAGE_SCN_MEM_DISCARDABLE (0x2000000) IMAGE_SCN_MEM_READ (0x40000000) ] } Section { Number: 4 Name: .text$di (2E 74 65 78 74 24 64 69) VirtualSize: 0x0 VirtualAddress: 0x0 RawDataSize: 60 PointerToRawData: 0x1109 PointerToRelocations: 0x1145 PointerToLineNumbers: 0x0 RelocationCount: 3 LineNumberCount: 0 Characteristics [ (0x60501020) IMAGE_SCN_ALIGN_16BYTES (0x500000) IMAGE_SCN_CNT_CODE (0x20) IMAGE_SCN_LNK_COMDAT (0x1000) IMAGE_SCN_MEM_EXECUTE (0x20000000) IMAGE_SCN_MEM_READ (0x40000000) ] } Section { Number: 5 Name: .debug$S (2E 64 65 62 75 67 24 53) VirtualSize: 0x0 VirtualAddress: 0x0 RawDataSize: 216 PointerToRawData: 0x1163 PointerToRelocations: 0x123B PointerToLineNumbers: 0x0 RelocationCount: 5 LineNumberCount: 0 Characteristics [ (0x42101040) IMAGE_SCN_ALIGN_1BYTES (0x100000) IMAGE_SCN_CNT_INITIALIZED_DATA (0x40) IMAGE_SCN_LNK_COMDAT (0x1000) IMAGE_SCN_MEM_DISCARDABLE (0x2000000) IMAGE_SCN_MEM_READ (0x40000000) ] } Section { Number: 6 Name: .text$di (2E 74 65 78 74 24 64 69) VirtualSize: 0x0 VirtualAddress: 0x0 RawDataSize: 60 PointerToRawData: 0x126D PointerToRelocations: 0x12A9 PointerToLineNumbers: 0x0 RelocationCount: 3 LineNumberCount: 0 Characteristics [ (0x60501020) IMAGE_SCN_ALIGN_16BYTES (0x500000) IMAGE_SCN_CNT_CODE (0x20) IMAGE_SCN_LNK_COMDAT (0x1000) IMAGE_SCN_MEM_EXECUTE (0x20000000) IMAGE_SCN_MEM_READ (0x40000000) ] } Section { Number: 7 Name: .debug$S (2E 64 65 62 75 67 24 53) VirtualSize: 0x0 VirtualAddress: 0x0 RawDataSize: 204 PointerToRawData: 0x12C7 PointerToRelocations: 0x1393 PointerToLineNumbers: 0x0 RelocationCount: 5 LineNumberCount: 0 Characteristics [ (0x42101040) IMAGE_SCN_ALIGN_1BYTES (0x100000) IMAGE_SCN_CNT_INITIALIZED_DATA (0x40) IMAGE_SCN_LNK_COMDAT (0x1000) IMAGE_SCN_MEM_DISCARDABLE (0x2000000) IMAGE_SCN_MEM_READ (0x40000000) ] } Section { Number: 8 Name: .text$mn (2E 74 65 78 74 24 6D 6E) VirtualSize: 0x0 VirtualAddress: 0x0 RawDataSize: 42 PointerToRawData: 0x13C5 PointerToRelocations: 0x0 PointerToLineNumbers: 0x0 RelocationCount: 0 LineNumberCount: 0 Characteristics [ (0x60501020) IMAGE_SCN_ALIGN_16BYTES (0x500000) IMAGE_SCN_CNT_CODE (0x20) IMAGE_SCN_LNK_COMDAT (0x1000) IMAGE_SCN_MEM_EXECUTE (0x20000000) IMAGE_SCN_MEM_READ (0x40000000) ] } Section { Number: 9 Name: .debug$S (2E 64 65 62 75 67 24 53) VirtualSize: 0x0 VirtualAddress: 0x0 RawDataSize: 192 PointerToRawData: 0x13EF PointerToRelocations: 0x14AF PointerToLineNumbers: 0x0 RelocationCount: 5 LineNumberCount: 0 Characteristics [ (0x42101040) IMAGE_SCN_ALIGN_1BYTES (0x100000) IMAGE_SCN_CNT_INITIALIZED_DATA (0x40) IMAGE_SCN_LNK_COMDAT (0x1000) IMAGE_SCN_MEM_DISCARDABLE (0x2000000) IMAGE_SCN_MEM_READ (0x40000000) ] } Section { Number: 10 Name: .text$mn (2E 74 65 78 74 24 6D 6E) VirtualSize: 0x0 VirtualAddress: 0x0 RawDataSize: 42 PointerToRawData: 0x14E1 PointerToRelocations: 0x0 PointerToLineNumbers: 0x0 RelocationCount: 0 LineNumberCount: 0 Characteristics [ (0x60501020) IMAGE_SCN_ALIGN_16BYTES (0x500000) IMAGE_SCN_CNT_CODE (0x20) IMAGE_SCN_LNK_COMDAT (0x1000) IMAGE_SCN_MEM_EXECUTE (0x20000000) IMAGE_SCN_MEM_READ (0x40000000) ] } Section { Number: 11 Name: .debug$S (2E 64 65 62 75 67 24 53) VirtualSize: 0x0 VirtualAddress: 0x0 RawDataSize: 204 PointerToRawData: 0x150B PointerToRelocations: 0x15D7 PointerToLineNumbers: 0x0 RelocationCount: 5 LineNumberCount: 0 Characteristics [ (0x42101040) IMAGE_SCN_ALIGN_1BYTES (0x100000) IMAGE_SCN_CNT_INITIALIZED_DATA (0x40) IMAGE_SCN_LNK_COMDAT (0x1000) IMAGE_SCN_MEM_DISCARDABLE (0x2000000) IMAGE_SCN_MEM_READ (0x40000000) ] } Section { Number: 12 Name: .text$mn (2E 74 65 78 74 24 6D 6E) VirtualSize: 0x0 VirtualAddress: 0x0 RawDataSize: 39 PointerToRawData: 0x1609 PointerToRelocations: 0x0 PointerToLineNumbers: 0x0 RelocationCount: 0 LineNumberCount: 0 Characteristics [ (0x60501020) IMAGE_SCN_ALIGN_16BYTES (0x500000) IMAGE_SCN_CNT_CODE (0x20) IMAGE_SCN_LNK_COMDAT (0x1000) IMAGE_SCN_MEM_EXECUTE (0x20000000) IMAGE_SCN_MEM_READ (0x40000000) ] } Section { Number: 13 Name: .debug$S (2E 64 65 62 75 67 24 53) VirtualSize: 0x0 VirtualAddress: 0x0 RawDataSize: 224 PointerToRawData: 0x1630 PointerToRelocations: 0x1710 PointerToLineNumbers: 0x0 RelocationCount: 5 LineNumberCount: 0 Characteristics [ (0x42101040) IMAGE_SCN_ALIGN_1BYTES (0x100000) IMAGE_SCN_CNT_INITIALIZED_DATA (0x40) IMAGE_SCN_LNK_COMDAT (0x1000) IMAGE_SCN_MEM_DISCARDABLE (0x2000000) IMAGE_SCN_MEM_READ (0x40000000) ] } Section { Number: 14 Name: .bss (2E 62 73 73 00 00 00 00) VirtualSize: 0x0 VirtualAddress: 0x0 RawDataSize: 8 PointerToRawData: 0x0 PointerToRelocations: 0x0 PointerToLineNumbers: 0x0 RelocationCount: 0 LineNumberCount: 0 Characteristics [ (0xC0300080) IMAGE_SCN_ALIGN_4BYTES (0x300000) IMAGE_SCN_CNT_UNINITIALIZED_DATA (0x80) IMAGE_SCN_MEM_READ (0x40000000) IMAGE_SCN_MEM_WRITE (0x80000000) ] } Section { Number: 15 Name: .rtc$IMZ (2E 72 74 63 24 49 4D 5A) VirtualSize: 0x0 VirtualAddress: 0x0 RawDataSize: 4 PointerToRawData: 0x1742 PointerToRelocations: 0x1746 PointerToLineNumbers: 0x0 RelocationCount: 1 LineNumberCount: 0 Characteristics [ (0x40301040) IMAGE_SCN_ALIGN_4BYTES (0x300000) IMAGE_SCN_CNT_INITIALIZED_DATA (0x40) IMAGE_SCN_LNK_COMDAT (0x1000) IMAGE_SCN_MEM_READ (0x40000000) ] } Section { Number: 16 Name: .rtc$TMZ (2E 72 74 63 24 54 4D 5A) VirtualSize: 0x0 VirtualAddress: 0x0 RawDataSize: 4 PointerToRawData: 0x1750 PointerToRelocations: 0x1754 PointerToLineNumbers: 0x0 RelocationCount: 1 LineNumberCount: 0 Characteristics [ (0x40301040) IMAGE_SCN_ALIGN_4BYTES (0x300000) IMAGE_SCN_CNT_INITIALIZED_DATA (0x40) IMAGE_SCN_LNK_COMDAT (0x1000) IMAGE_SCN_MEM_READ (0x40000000) ] } Section { Number: 17 Name: .CRT$XCU (2E 43 52 54 24 58 43 55) VirtualSize: 0x0 VirtualAddress: 0x0 RawDataSize: 8 PointerToRawData: 0x175E PointerToRelocations: 0x1766 PointerToLineNumbers: 0x0 RelocationCount: 2 LineNumberCount: 0 Characteristics [ (0x40300040) IMAGE_SCN_ALIGN_4BYTES (0x300000) IMAGE_SCN_CNT_INITIALIZED_DATA (0x40) IMAGE_SCN_MEM_READ (0x40000000) ] }]Symbols [ Symbol { Name: @comp.id Value: 14776701 Section: IMAGE_SYM_ABSOLUTE (-1) BaseType: Null (0x0) ComplexType: Null (0x0) StorageClass: Static (0x3) AuxSymbolCount: 0 } Symbol { Name: @feat.00 Value: 2147484049 Section: IMAGE_SYM_ABSOLUTE (-1) BaseType: Null (0x0) ComplexType: Null (0x0) StorageClass: Static (0x3) AuxSymbolCount: 0 } Symbol { Name: .drectve Value: 0 Section: .drectve (1) BaseType: Null (0x0) ComplexType: Null (0x0) StorageClass: Static (0x3) AuxSymbolCount: 2 AuxSectionDef { Length: 65 RelocationCount: 0 LineNumberCount: 0 Checksum: 0x0 Number: 0 Selection: 0x0 } AuxSectionDef { Length: 0 RelocationCount: 0 LineNumberCount: 0 Checksum: 0x0 Number: 0 Selection: 0x0 } } Symbol { Name: .debug$S Value: 0 Section: .debug$S (2) BaseType: Null (0x0) ComplexType: Null (0x0) StorageClass: Static (0x3) AuxSymbolCount: 2 AuxSectionDef { Length: 3380 RelocationCount: 8 LineNumberCount: 0 Checksum: 0x0 Number: 0 Selection: 0x0 } AuxSectionDef { Length: 112874624 RelocationCount: 0 LineNumberCount: 0 Checksum: 0x0 Number: 0 Selection: 0x0 } } Symbol { Name: .debug$T Value: 0 Section: .debug$T (3) BaseType: Null (0x0) ComplexType: Null (0x0) StorageClass: Static (0x3) AuxSymbolCount: 2 AuxSectionDef { Length: 136 RelocationCount: 0 LineNumberCount: 0 Checksum: 0x0 Number: 0 Selection: 0x0 } AuxSectionDef { Length: 0 RelocationCount: 0 LineNumberCount: 0 Checksum: 0x0 Number: 0 Selection: 0x0 } } Symbol { Name: .text$di Value: 0 Section: .text$di (4) BaseType: Null (0x0) ComplexType: Null (0x0) StorageClass: Static (0x3) AuxSymbolCount: 2 AuxSectionDef { Length: 60 RelocationCount: 3 LineNumberCount: 0 Checksum: 0x46C8586B Number: 0 Selection: Any (0x2) } AuxSectionDef { Length: 2651074843 RelocationCount: 0 LineNumberCount: 0 Checksum: 0x0 Number: 0 Selection: 0x0 } } Symbol { Name: .debug$S Value: 0 Section: .debug$S (5) BaseType: Null (0x0) ComplexType: Null (0x0) StorageClass: Static (0x3) AuxSymbolCount: 2 AuxSectionDef { Length: 216 RelocationCount: 5 LineNumberCount: 0 Checksum: 0x0 Number: 4 Selection: Associative (0x5) AssocSection: .text$di (4) } AuxSectionDef { Length: 726561912 RelocationCount: 0 LineNumberCount: 0 Checksum: 0x0 Number: 0 Selection: 0x0 } } Symbol { Name: .text$di Value: 0 Section: .text$di (6) BaseType: Null (0x0) ComplexType: Null (0x0) StorageClass: Static (0x3) AuxSymbolCount: 2 AuxSectionDef { Length: 60 RelocationCount: 3 LineNumberCount: 0 Checksum: 0x46C8586B Number: 0 Selection: Any (0x2) } AuxSectionDef { Length: 1313174712 RelocationCount: 0 LineNumberCount: 0 Checksum: 0x0 Number: 0 Selection: 0x0 } } Symbol { Name: .debug$S Value: 0 Section: .debug$S (7) BaseType: Null (0x0) ComplexType: Null (0x0) StorageClass: Static (0x3) AuxSymbolCount: 2 AuxSectionDef { Length: 204 RelocationCount: 5 LineNumberCount: 0 Checksum: 0x0 Number: 6 Selection: Associative (0x5) AssocSection: .text$di (6) } AuxSectionDef { Length: 3135640214 RelocationCount: 0 LineNumberCount: 0 Checksum: 0x0 Number: 0 Selection: 0x0 } } Symbol { Name: .text$mn Value: 0 Section: .text$mn (8) BaseType: Null (0x0) ComplexType: Null (0x0) StorageClass: Static (0x3) AuxSymbolCount: 2 AuxSectionDef { Length: 42 RelocationCount: 0 LineNumberCount: 0 Checksum: 0xB9575122 Number: 0 Selection: NoDuplicates (0x1) } AuxSectionDef { Length: 936864182 RelocationCount: 0 LineNumberCount: 0 Checksum: 0x0 Number: 0 Selection: 0x0 } } Symbol { Name: .debug$S Value: 0 Section: .debug$S (9) BaseType: Null (0x0) ComplexType: Null (0x0) StorageClass: Static (0x3) AuxSymbolCount: 2 AuxSectionDef { Length: 192 RelocationCount: 5 LineNumberCount: 0 Checksum: 0x0 Number: 8 Selection: Associative (0x5) AssocSection: .text$mn (8) } AuxSectionDef { Length: 3843792410 RelocationCount: 0 LineNumberCount: 0 Checksum: 0x0 Number: 0 Selection: 0x0 } } Symbol { Name: .text$mn Value: 0 Section: .text$mn (10) BaseType: Null (0x0) ComplexType: Null (0x0) StorageClass: Static (0x3) AuxSymbolCount: 2 AuxSectionDef { Length: 42 RelocationCount: 0 LineNumberCount: 0 Checksum: 0x2AAFA5E4 Number: 0 Selection: Any (0x2) } AuxSectionDef { Length: 919462443 RelocationCount: 0 LineNumberCount: 0 Checksum: 0x0 Number: 0 Selection: 0x0 } } Symbol { Name: .debug$S Value: 0 Section: .debug$S (11) BaseType: Null (0x0) ComplexType: Null (0x0) StorageClass: Static (0x3) AuxSymbolCount: 2 AuxSectionDef { Length: 204 RelocationCount: 5 LineNumberCount: 0 Checksum: 0x0 Number: 10 Selection: Associative (0x5) AssocSection: .text$mn (10) } AuxSectionDef { Length: 1658743834 RelocationCount: 0 LineNumberCount: 0 Checksum: 0x0 Number: 0 Selection: 0x0 } } Symbol { Name: .text$mn Value: 0 Section: .text$mn (12) BaseType: Null (0x0) ComplexType: Null (0x0) StorageClass: Static (0x3) AuxSymbolCount: 2 AuxSectionDef { Length: 39 RelocationCount: 0 LineNumberCount: 0 Checksum: 0x9F9044F9 Number: 0 Selection: NoDuplicates (0x1) } AuxSectionDef { Length: 607079010 RelocationCount: 0 LineNumberCount: 0 Checksum: 0x0 Number: 0 Selection: 0x0 } } Symbol { Name: .debug$S Value: 0 Section: .debug$S (13) BaseType: Null (0x0) ComplexType: Null (0x0) StorageClass: Static (0x3) AuxSymbolCount: 2 AuxSectionDef { Length: 224 RelocationCount: 5 LineNumberCount: 0 Checksum: 0x0 Number: 12 Selection: Associative (0x5) AssocSection: .text$mn (12) } AuxSectionDef { Length: 3159278302 RelocationCount: 0 LineNumberCount: 0 Checksum: 0x0 Number: 0 Selection: 0x0 } } Symbol { Name: ?testFunction@Test@@SAHXZ Value: 0 Section: .text$mn (10) BaseType: Null (0x0) ComplexType: Function (0x2) StorageClass: External (0x2) AuxSymbolCount: 0 } Symbol { Name: ??__E?memberVar@Test@@2HA@@YAXXZ Value: 0 Section: .text$di (4) BaseType: Null (0x0) ComplexType: Function (0x2) StorageClass: Static (0x3) AuxSymbolCount: 0 } Symbol { Name: ?foo@@YAHXZ Value: 0 Section: .text$mn (8) BaseType: Null (0x0) ComplexType: Function (0x2) StorageClass: External (0x2) AuxSymbolCount: 0 } Symbol { Name: ??__Evar@@YAXXZ Value: 0 Section: .text$di (6) BaseType: Null (0x0) ComplexType: Function (0x2) StorageClass: Static (0x3) AuxSymbolCount: 0 } Symbol { Name: _main Value: 0 Section: .text$mn (12) BaseType: Null (0x0) ComplexType: Function (0x2) StorageClass: External (0x2) AuxSymbolCount: 0 } Symbol { Name: __RTC_CheckEsp Value: 0 Section: IMAGE_SYM_UNDEFINED (0) BaseType: Null (0x0) ComplexType: Function (0x2) StorageClass: External (0x2) AuxSymbolCount: 0 } Symbol { Name: __RTC_InitBase Value: 0 Section: IMAGE_SYM_UNDEFINED (0) BaseType: Null (0x0) ComplexType: Function (0x2) StorageClass: External (0x2) AuxSymbolCount: 0 } Symbol { Name: __RTC_Shutdown Value: 0 Section: IMAGE_SYM_UNDEFINED (0) BaseType: Null (0x0) ComplexType: Function (0x2) StorageClass: External (0x2) AuxSymbolCount: 0 } Symbol { Name: .bss Value: 0 Section: .bss (14) BaseType: Null (0x0) ComplexType: Null (0x0) StorageClass: Static (0x3) AuxSymbolCount: 2 AuxSectionDef { Length: 8 RelocationCount: 0 LineNumberCount: 0 Checksum: 0x0 Number: 0 Selection: 0x0 } AuxSectionDef { Length: 0 RelocationCount: 0 LineNumberCount: 0 Checksum: 0x0 Number: 0 Selection: 0x0 } } Symbol { Name: ?memberVar@Test@@2HA Value: 4 Section: .bss (14) BaseType: Null (0x0) ComplexType: Null (0x0) StorageClass: External (0x2) AuxSymbolCount: 0 } Symbol { Name: ?var@@3HA Value: 0 Section: .bss (14) BaseType: Null (0x0) ComplexType: Null (0x0) StorageClass: External (0x2) AuxSymbolCount: 0 } Symbol { Name: .rtc$IMZ Value: 0 Section: .rtc$IMZ (15) BaseType: Null (0x0) ComplexType: Null (0x0) StorageClass: Static (0x3) AuxSymbolCount: 2 AuxSectionDef { Length: 4 RelocationCount: 1 LineNumberCount: 0 Checksum: 0x0 Number: 0 Selection: Any (0x2) } AuxSectionDef { Length: 1569749662 RelocationCount: 0 LineNumberCount: 0 Checksum: 0x0 Number: 0 Selection: 0x0 } } Symbol { Name: __RTC_InitBase.rtc$IMZ Value: 0 Section: .rtc$IMZ (15) BaseType: Null (0x0) ComplexType: Null (0x0) StorageClass: Static (0x3) AuxSymbolCount: 0 } Symbol { Name: .rtc$TMZ Value: 0 Section: .rtc$TMZ (16) BaseType: Null (0x0) ComplexType: Null (0x0) StorageClass: Static (0x3) AuxSymbolCount: 2 AuxSectionDef { Length: 4 RelocationCount: 1 LineNumberCount: 0 Checksum: 0x0 Number: 0 Selection: Any (0x2) } AuxSectionDef { Length: 1278087628 RelocationCount: 0 LineNumberCount: 0 Checksum: 0x0 Number: 0 Selection: 0x0 } } Symbol { Name: __RTC_Shutdown.rtc$TMZ Value: 0 Section: .rtc$TMZ (16) BaseType: Null (0x0) ComplexType: Null (0x0) StorageClass: Static (0x3) AuxSymbolCount: 0 } Symbol { Name: .CRT$XCU Value: 0 Section: .CRT$XCU (17) BaseType: Null (0x0) ComplexType: Null (0x0) StorageClass: Static (0x3) AuxSymbolCount: 2 AuxSectionDef { Length: 8 RelocationCount: 2 LineNumberCount: 0 Checksum: 0x0 Number: 0 Selection: 0x0 } AuxSectionDef { Length: 3724741121 RelocationCount: 0 LineNumberCount: 0 Checksum: 0x0 Number: 0 Selection: 0x0 } } Symbol { Name: ?memberVar$initializer$@Test@@2P6AXXZA Value: 0 Section: .CRT$XCU (17) BaseType: Null (0x0) ComplexType: Null (0x0) StorageClass: Static (0x3) AuxSymbolCount: 0 } Symbol { Name: _var$initializer$ Value: 4 Section: .CRT$XCU (17) BaseType: Null (0x0) ComplexType: Null (0x0) StorageClass: Static (0x3) AuxSymbolCount: 0 }]非常感谢您考虑我的问题；一个彻底的答案将不胜感激.Thank you very much for considering my question; a thorough answer would be greatly appreciated.推荐答案这不是链接程序问题，而是编译器/运行时问题.完整的答案当然会因系统而异，但是对于Linux上的gcc/clang来说，是这样的.我要提到的任何特定符号或部分都是针对ARM的，其他处理器可能有所不同.This is less a linker problem than a compiler/run-time problem. The complete answer varies from system to system of course, but for gcc/clang on Linux goes something like this. Any specific symbols or sections that I'll mention are for the ARM, other processors may be different.我将您的小示例程序复制到 ELLCC演示中，它是基于clang的发行版，并将其编译为ARM.我必须关闭优化才能看到任何有趣的东西，因为未使用您初始化的变量.I copied you little example program into the ELLCC demo, which is a clang based distribution , and compiled it for ARM. I had to turn off optimization to see anything interesting, because your initialized variables aren't used.通过查看汇编语言，您将看到编译器将生成代码以执行需要在源文件中进行的任何初始化.正如您所指出的，可以通过将适当的符号及其初始值放在一个节中来初始化初始化为链接时常数值的事物(对于可写事物，通常将其称为.data；对于只读事物将其称为.const).由编译器生成的函数在输入main()之前执行该函数，以在编译或链接时进行计算.如果您编译示例并查看程序集，则在结尾附近会有几行如下所示:What you'll see by looking at the assembly language is that the compiler will generate code to do any initialization that needs to be done in the source file. As you pointed out, things initialized to link-time constant values can be initialized by putting the appropriate symbol and it's initial value in a section (usually called .data for writable stuff and .const for read only stuff.) Values that can't be calculated at compile or link time are initialized by a a compiler generated function that is executed before main() is entered. If you compile your example and look at the assembly, near the end there are a few lines that look like this:.section .init_array,"aw",%init_array.align 2.long _GLOBAL__sub_I__6873_0.cc(target1)这里的神奇之处在于，.init_array部分是对编译器和运行时系统具有特殊含义的部分.编译器已将内部生成的函数的地址放在.init_array节中.该函数执行此源文件所需的任何初始化.如果您在源代码中有静态C ++构造函数，也可以从此处调用它们. x86处理器的类似部分称为.ctors，具有相似的语义.The magic here is that the section .init_array is a section with special meaning to the compiler and run-time system. the compiler has placed the address of an internally generated function in the .init_array section. The function does any initialization that this source files needs. If you had static C++ constructors in the source they'd also be called from here. There is a similar section for x86 processors called .ctors which has similar semantics.现在是运行时部分.程序启动时，运行时系统将首先获得控制权.它执行诸如初始化库，加载动态库等操作，并使用.init_array中的每个函数指针并执行它.这将初始化您的变量.Now comes the run-time part. When the program starts up, the run-time system gets control first. It does things like initialize the library, maybe load dynamic libraries, etc. and the takes each function pointer in the .init_array and executes it. This gets your variables initialized.请注意，链接器实际上不需要做任何事情，只是将所有函数指针集中在.init_array中，以便运行时系统可以为它们提供资金.Notice that the linker didn't really have to do anything except gather all the function pointers in .init_array in one place so the run-time system could fund them.您到现在可能已经猜到了，在程序尝试退出时，我们还使用了另一个名为.fini_array(或x86世界中的.dtors)的节来处理全局析构函数.As you might be guessing by now, there is also another section called .fini_array (or .dtors in the x86 world) that us used when the program tries to exit do handle global destructors. 这篇关于在C ++中对全局变量和静态成员变量进行动态初始化的实现的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持！ 10-15 05:09