CMake post-build-event:复制编译的库

问题描述

我项目的二进制目录结构目前是这样的(Windows):

The binary directory structure of my project is currently like this (Windows):

bin/mainProject/{Debug,Release}
bin/library1/{Debug,Release}
bin/library2/{Debug,Release}
...
bin/libraryN/{Debug,Release}

我想将库 library1lib.dll、... libraryNlib.dll 复制到 bin/mainProject/{Debug,Release} 目录.

I'd like to copy the libraries library1lib.dll, ... libraryNlib.dll to the bin/mainProject/{Debug,Release} directory once they are build.

对于 CMake，我认为使用构建后事件是可行的，因此我尝试将其添加到每个库的 CMakeLists.txt:

For CMake, I think this is doable using a post-build event, hence I've tried adding this to each of the libraries' CMakeLists.txt:

add_custom_command(TARGET library1 POST_BUILD
    COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E copy
        ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/${CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE}/library1lib.dll
        ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/mainProject/${CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE}/
)

目前有两个问题:

1. ${CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE} 似乎没有定义，至少我在输出窗口中得到了该变量的空字符串.
2. 是否有可能使构建后事件更通用?比如用一些变量替换实际的 dll 名称?

1. ${CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE} seems to be not defined, at least I get an empty string for that variable in the output window.
2. Is there a possibility to make that post-build event more generic? Like replacing the actual dll name with some variable?

推荐答案

您可以使用 生成器表达式:

add_custom_command(
    TARGET library1
    POST_BUILD
    COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E copy
        $<TARGET_FILE:library1>
        $<TARGET_FILE_DIR:mainProject>/$<TARGET_FILE_NAME:library1>
)

替代方案

您可以 - 如果每个依赖项都在您的 CMake 项目中构建 - 也只需为所有可执行文件和 DLL 提供一个通用输出路径，例如:

You could - if every dependency is build within your CMake project - also just give a common output path for all executables and DLLs with something like:

set(CMAKE_RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY "${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/Out")

注意:这里需要绝对路径，否则它将相对于每个目标的默认输出路径.并注意配置的子目录是由 CMake 自动附加的.

Note: The absolute path is required here because it would otherwise be relative to each targets default output path. And note that the configuration's sub-directory is appended by CMake automatically.

参考资料

• 如何使用 CMake 将 DLL 文件复制到与可执行文件相同的文件夹中?

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