问题描述
我当前正在尝试了解Common Lisp如何管理其程序包和模块。
I am currently trying to understand how Common Lisp manages its packages and modules.
考虑以下代码：
(in-package :cl-user)
(ql:quickload :cl-who)
(ql:quickload :hunchentoot)
(ql:quickload :parenscript)
(defpackage :retro-games
(:use :cl :cl-who :hunchentoot :parenscript))
(in-package :retro-games)
(defclass game ()
((name :initarg :name)
(votes :initform 0)))
当我创建一个Slime缓冲区，然后在设置为Slime模式的另一个缓冲区中运行此代码时，我看到了一些打印内容在 * slime-repl sbcl * 的第一个缓冲区中：
When I create a Slime buffer and then run this code in another buffer that is set to Slime mode, I see some prints in the first buffer that is *slime-repl sbcl*:
要加载 parenscript：加载1个ASDF系统：
parenscript；加载 parenscript ..
To load "parenscript": Load 1 ASDF system: parenscript ; Loading "parenscript" ..
加载 hunchentoot：加载1个ASDF系统：
hunchentoot；正在加载 hunchentoot ..............
To load "hunchentoot": Load 1 ASDF system: hunchentoot ; Loading "hunchentoot" ..............
也就是说，似乎有些在两个缓冲区之间进行对话。但是，如果我尝试运行（make-instance game（ Chess）），则会收到错误，因为 CL-USER 包不知道游戏类。
That is, there seems to be some "talking" going on between the two buffers. However, if I try to run (make-instance game("Chess")), I get an error because the CL-USER package does not know about the game class.
另一方面，如果我运行（在包中：复古游戏）在 slime repl sbcl 缓冲区中，我能够运行（制作实例游戏（国际象棋））。
On the other hand if I run (in-package :retro-games) in the slime repl sbcl buffer, I am able to run (make-instance game("Chess")).
问题是Common Lisp如何通过软件包组织其工作？在相关说明中，缓冲区为 slime repl sbcl 和缓冲区为 slime-mode 有什么区别？ ？
The question is how does Common Lisp organize its work with packages? On related note, what is the difference between a buffer being a slime repl sbcl and a buffer being in slime-mode?
这些软件包是否与Python的虚拟环境完全相似？也就是说， CL-WHO ， HUNCHENTOOT 和 PARENSCRIPT
Are the packages at all similar to Python's virtual environments? That is, where are the CL-WHO, HUNCHENTOOT and PARENSCRIPT being installed in my case? Do I have any choice over this?
推荐答案
首先，尝试（make-instance'game：name 国际象棋）。
注意，Common Lisp在Paarenthesis之间使用前缀表示法。因此，如果要调用 foo（ bar）之类的函数，则为（foo bar）。
如果需要，可以创建一个函数，例如：
First, try (make-instance 'game :name "Chess").Note that Common Lisp uses prefixed notation between paarenthesis. So, if want to call a function like foo("bar"), it would be (foo "bar").If you want, you can create a function like:
（defun new-game（game-name）
（make-instance'game：name游戏名称））
如果您使用的是Quicklisp，则可将软件包安装在您安装的位置已安装quicklisp。如果安装在您的主文件夹中，则软件包应位于 / home / user / quicklisp / dists / quicklisp / software / 。
If you are using Quicklisp, the packages me be installed at where you've installed quicklisp. If it is installed at your home folder, the packages should be at /home/user/quicklisp/dists/quicklisp/software/.
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