问题描述
我是kubernetes的新手,我想知道将值注入 ConfigMap .
I'm new at kubernetes, and Im wondering the best way to inject values to ConfigMap.
现在,我定义了Deployment对象,该对象从ConfigMap文件中获取相关值.我希望在生产和暂存环境中使用相同的.yml
文件.因此只有configMap中的值会被更改,而文件本身将是相同的.
for now, I defined Deployment object which takes the relevant values from ConfigMap file. I wish to use the same .yml
file for my production and staging environments. so only the values in the configMap will be changed, while the file itself will be the same.
在没有使用配置管理工具(例如Ansible,puppet等)的情况下,有没有办法在kubernetes中内置它?
Is there any way to do it built-in in kubernetes, without using configuration management tools (like Ansible, puppet, etc.)?
推荐答案
您可以在答案的末尾找到引用文字的链接.
You can find the links to the quoted text in the end of the answer.
此外,Secrets数据将以base64编码形式存储,这也适用于诸如密钥之类的二进制数据,而ConfigMaps数据将以纯文本格式存储,这对于文本文件来说是很好的.
Besides, Secrets data will be stored in a base64 encoded form, which is also suitable for binary data such as keys, whereas ConfigMaps data will be stored in plain text format, which is fine for text files.
ConfigMap API在概念上很简单.从数据的角度来看,ConfigMap类型只是一组键值对.
The ConfigMap API is simple conceptually. From a data perspective, the ConfigMap type is just a set of key-value pairs.
有几种创建配置映射的方法:
There are several ways you can create config maps:
-
在命令行中使用值列表
Using list of values in the command line
$ kubectl create configmap special-config --from-literal=special.how=very --from-literal=special.type=charm
使用磁盘上的文件作为数据源
Using a file on the disk as a source of data
$ kubectl create configmap game-config-2 --from-file=docs/user-guide/configmap/kubectl/game.properties --from-file=docs/user-guide/configmap/kubectl/ui.properties
$ kubectl create configmap game-config-3 --from-file=game-special-key=docs/user-guide/configmap/kubectl/game.properties
使用包含文件的目录作为数据源
Using directory with files as a source of data
$ kubectl create configmap game-config --from-file=configure-pod-container/configmap/kubectl/
结合所有前面提到的三种方法
Combining all three previously mentioned methods
有几种方法可以在Pods中使用ConfigMap数据
There are several ways to consume a ConfigMap data in Pods
-
使用ConfigMap中的值作为环境变量
Use values in ConfigMap as environment variables
spec:
containers:
- name: test-container
image: k8s.gcr.io/busybox
command: [ "/bin/sh", "-c", "echo $(SPECIAL_LEVEL_KEY)" ]
env:
- name: SPECIAL_LEVEL_KEY
valueFrom:
configMapKeyRef:
name: special-config
key: SPECIAL_LEVEL
将ConfigMap中的数据用作卷上的文件
Use data in ConfigMap as files on the volume
spec:
containers:
- name: test-container
image: k8s.gcr.io/busybox
command: [ "/bin/sh", "-c", "ls /etc/config/" ]
volumeMounts:
- name: config-volume
mountPath: /etc/config
volumes:
- name: config-volume
configMap:
# ConfigMap containing the files
name: special-config
在规范中包含对不存在的ConfigMap或Secrets的任何引用的Pod将不会启动.
Pod that contains in specification any references to non-existent ConfigMap or Secrets won't start.
考虑阅读官方文档和其他好的文章以获取更多详细信息:
Consider to read official documentation and other good articles for even more details:
- 使用容器进行配置管理
- 配置Pod以使用ConfigMap
- 使用ConfigMap
- Kubernetes ConfigMap和秘密
- 使用以下方法管理Pod配置Kubernetes中的ConfigMap和秘密
- Configuration management with Containers
- Configure a Pod to Use a ConfigMap
- Using ConfigMap
- Kubernetes ConfigMaps and Secrets
- Managing Pod configuration using ConfigMaps and Secrets in Kubernetes
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