WebDriverException:消息:无效参数:无法在 RaspberryPi3 上使用 GeckoDriver、Selenium 和 Python 终止已退出的进程

问题描述

服务器:树莓派 3
操作系统:Dietpi - 版本 159
Geckodriver 版本:0.22 for arm
火狐版本:52.9.0
Python 版本:3.5
硒版本:3.14.1

Gecko 是可执行的，位于/usr/local/bin/

from selenium import webdriverfrom selenium.webdriver.common.by import By从 selenium.webdriver.support.ui 导入 WebDriverWait从 selenium.webdriver.support 导入 expected_conditions 作为 EC从 selenium.webdriver.firefox.options 导入选项导入时间选项 = 选项()options.set_headless(headless=True)驱动程序 = webdriver.Firefox(firefox_options=options)print('需要您的登录凭据')username = input('你的用户名是什么?:
')password = input('你的密码是什么?:
')......

输出:

root@RPi3:~# python3.5 ITE-bot.py回溯(最近一次调用最后一次):文件ITE-bot.py"，第 12 行，在 <module> 中驱动程序 = webdriver.Firefox(firefox_options=options)文件/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/selenium/webdriver/firefox/webdriver.py"，第 174 行，在 __init__ 中keep_alive=真)文件/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py"，第 157 行，在 __init__ 中self.start_session(功能，browser_profile)文件/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py"，第 252 行，在 start_session 中response = self.execute(Command.NEW_SESSION, 参数)文件/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py"，第321行，在执行中self.error_handler.check_response(响应)文件/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/errorhandler.py"，第242行，在check_response引发异常类(消息，屏幕，堆栈跟踪)selenium.common.exceptions.WebDriverException:消息:无效参数:无法终止已退出的进程

知道出了什么问题吗?我试过谷歌但没有运气.

解决方案

Thumb rule

浏览器在启动期间崩溃的一个常见原因是以 root 用户(administrator) 在 Linux 上.虽然可以通过在创建 WebDriver 会话时传递 --no-sandbox 标志来解决此问题，但这种配置不受支持且非常不鼓励.您需要将环境配置为以普通用户身份运行浏览器.

---

这个错误信息...

selenium.common.exceptions.WebDriverException:消息:无效参数:无法终止已退出的进程

...表示 GeckoDriver 无法启动/生成新的 WebBrowsing 会话，即 Firefox 浏览器 会话.

您的主要问题是您使用的二进制文件版本之间的不兼容，如下所示:

• 您的 GeckoDriver 版本是 0.22.0.

• GeckoDriver v0.21.0 (2018-06-15) 的发布说明清楚地提到了以下内容:

• Firefox 57(及更高版本)

• Selenium 3.11(及更高版本)

• 您的 Firefox 版本是 52.9.0.

因此 GeckoDriver v0.22.0 和 Firefox Browser v57

之间存在明显的不匹配

---

解决方案

• 将 GeckoDriver 升级到

  Server: Raspberry Pi 3
  OS: Dietpi - version 159
  Geckodriver version: 0.22 for arm
  Firefox version: 52.9.0
  Python version: 3.5
  Selenium version: 3.14.1

  Gecko is executable, and is located in /usr/local/bin/

  from selenium import webdriver
  from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
  from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
  from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
  from selenium.webdriver.firefox.options import Options
  import time
  
  
  
  options = Options()
  options.set_headless(headless=True)
  driver = webdriver.Firefox(firefox_options=options)
  
  print('Need your login credential')
  username = input('What is your username?:
  ')
  password = input('What is your password?:
  ')
  ...
  ...
  

  Output:

  root@RPi3:~# python3.5 ITE-bot.py 
  Traceback (most recent call last):
    File "ITE-bot.py", line 12, in <module>
      driver = webdriver.Firefox(firefox_options=options)
    File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/selenium/webdriver/firefox/webdriver.py", line 174, in __init__
      keep_alive=True)
    File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py", line 157, in __init__
      self.start_session(capabilities, browser_profile)
    File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py", line 252, in start_session
      response = self.execute(Command.NEW_SESSION, parameters)
    File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py", line 321, in execute
      self.error_handler.check_response(response)
    File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/errorhandler.py", line 242, in check_response
      raise exception_class(message, screen, stacktrace)
  selenium.common.exceptions.WebDriverException: Message: invalid argument: can't kill an exited process
  

  Any idea what is wrong? I've tried google without luck.

  解决方案

  Thumb rule

  ---

  This error message...

  selenium.common.exceptions.WebDriverException: Message: invalid argument: can't kill an exited process
  

  ...implies that the GeckoDriver was unable to initiate/spawn a new WebBrowsing Session i.e. Firefox Browser session.

  Your main issue is the incompatibility between the version of the binaries you are using as follows:

  • Your GeckoDriver version is 0.22.0.

  • Release Notes of GeckoDriver v0.21.0 (2018-06-15) clearly mentions the following:

  • Your Firefox version is 52.9.0.

  So there is a clear mismatch between GeckoDriver v0.22.0 and the Firefox Browser v57

  ---

  Solution

  • Upgrade GeckoDriver to GeckoDriver v0.22.0 level.
  • GeckoDriver is present in the specified location.
  • GeckoDriver is having executable permission for non-root users.
  • Upgrade Firefox version to Firefox v62.0.2 levels.
  • Clean your Project Workspace through your IDE and Rebuild your project with required dependencies only.
  • If your base Web Client version is too old, then uninstall it through Revo Uninstaller and install a recent GA and released version of Web Client.
  • Execute your Selenium Test as a non-root user.

  ---

  GeckoDriver, Selenium and Firefox Browser compatibility chart

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