本文介绍了在 UserDefaults 中存储自定义对象数组的处理方法，对大家解决问题具有一定的参考价值，需要的朋友们下面随着小编来一起学习吧！
问题描述
我花了很长时间试图弄清楚如何在 UserDefaults 中存储我的自定义结构数组.
这是我的代码:
struct DomainSchema: Codable {var 域:字符串var 架构:字符串}var domainSchemas: [DomainSchema] {得到 {如果 UserDefaults.standard.object(forKey: "domainSchemas") != nil {让 data = UserDefaults.standard.value(forKey: "domainSchemas") as!数据让 domainSchema = 试试?PropertyListDecoder().decode(DomainSchema.self, from: data)返回域架构！}返回零}放 {UserDefaults.standard.set(try? PropertyListEncoder().encode(newValue), forKey: "domainSchemas")}}结构设置视图:查看{var主体:一些视图{虚拟堆栈{ForEach(domainSchemas, id: \.domain) { domainSchema in堆栈{文本(域Schema.domain)文本(domainSchema.schema)}}//清除历史按钮}.onAppear {如果(域Schemas.isEmpty){domainSchemas.append(DomainSchema(域:reddit.com"，架构:apollo://"))}}}}它给了我这些错误:
无法将类型为DomainSchema"的返回表达式转换为返回类型[DomainSchema]"
'nil' 与返回类型 '[DomainSchema]' 不兼容
我不太确定如何获取对象数组而不是单个对象，或者如何解决 nil 不兼容错误...
解决方案
如果你真的想使用 UserDefaults 持久化你的数据，最简单的方法是使用一个类并使其符合 NSCoding.关于您的全局 var domainSchemas，我建议使用单例或扩展 UserDefaults 并为它创建一个计算属性:
class DomainSchema: NSObject, NSCoding {var 域:字符串var 架构:字符串初始化(域:字符串，架构:字符串){self.domain = 域self.schema = 模式}所需的初始化(编码器解码器:NSCoder){self.domain =decoder.decodeObject(forKey: "domain") as?细绳 ??"self.schema =decoder.decodeObject(forKey: "schema") as?细绳 ??"}func 编码(带编码器:NSCoder){coder.encode(域，forKey:域")coder.encode(schema, forKey: schema")}}extension UserDefaults {var domainSchemas: [DomainSchema] {得到 {guard let data = UserDefaults.standard.data(forKey: "domainSchemas") else { return [] }return (try? NSKeyedUnarchiver.unarchiveTopLevelObjectWithData(data)) as?[域架构] ??[]}放 {UserDefaults.standard.set(try? NSKeyedArchiver.archivedData(withRootObject: newValue, requiresSecureCoding: false), forKey: "domainSchemas")}}}用法:
UserDefaults.standard.domainSchemas = [.init(domain: "a", schema: "b"), .init(domain: "c", schema: "d")]UserDefaults.standard.domainSchemas//[{NSObject, 域a"，架构b"}，{NSObject，域c"，架构d"}]如果您更喜欢使用 UserDefaults 持久化数据的 Codable 方法:
struct DomainSchema: Codable {var 域:字符串var 架构:字符串初始化(域:字符串，架构:字符串){self.domain = 域self.schema = 模式}}extension UserDefaults {var domainSchemas: [DomainSchema] {得到 {guard let data = UserDefaults.standard.data(forKey: "domainSchemas") else { return [] }return (try? PropertyListDecoder().decode([DomainSchema].self, from: data)) ??[]}放 {UserDefaults.standard.set(try? PropertyListEncoder().encode(newValue), forKey: "domainSchemas")}}}用法:
UserDefaults.standard.domainSchemas = [.init(domain: "a", schema: "b"), .init(domain: "c", schema: "d")]UserDefaults.standard.domainSchemas//[{域a"，架构b"}，{域c"，架构d"}]我认为最好的选择是不使用 UserDefaults，创建一个单例共享实例"，在那里声明一个 domainSchemas 属性并将您的 json 数据保存在您的应用程序支持目录的子目录中:
扩展 URL {静态 var domainSchemas: URL {让 applicationSupport = FileManager.default.urls(for: .applicationSupportDirectory, in: .userDomainMask).首先！让 bundleID = Bundle.main.bundleIdentifier ??公司名称"让 subDirectory = applicationSupport.appendingPathComponent(bundleID, isDirectory: true)尝试?FileManager.default.createDirectory(at: subDirectory, withIntermediateDirectories: true, attributes: nil)return subDirectory.appendingPathComponent("domainSchemas.json")}}class 共享 {静态 let 实例 = Shared()私人初始化(){}var domainSchemas: [DomainSchema] {得到 {守卫让数据=尝试?数据(contentsOf: .domainSchemas) else { return [] }返回(试试?JSONDecoder().decode([DomainSchema].self, from: data)) ??[]}放 {尝试?JSONEncoder().encode(newValue).write(to: .domainSchemas)}}}用法:
Shared.instance.domainSchemas = [.init(domain: "a", schema: "b"), .init(domain: "c", schema: "d")]Shared.instance.domainSchemas//[{域a"，架构b"}，{域c"，架构d"}]I'm having a heck of a time trying to figure out how to store an array of my custom struct in UserDefaults.
Here is my code:
struct DomainSchema: Codable {
var domain: String
var schema: String
}
var domainSchemas: [DomainSchema] {
get {
if UserDefaults.standard.object(forKey: "domainSchemas") != nil {
let data = UserDefaults.standard.value(forKey: "domainSchemas") as! Data
let domainSchema = try? PropertyListDecoder().decode(DomainSchema.self, from: data)
return domainSchema!
}
return nil
}
set {
UserDefaults.standard.set(try? PropertyListEncoder().encode(newValue), forKey: "domainSchemas")
}
}
struct SettingsView: View {
var body: some View {
VStack {
ForEach(domainSchemas, id: \.domain) { domainSchema in
HStack {
Text(domainSchema.domain)
Text(domainSchema.schema)
}
}
// clear history button
}
.onAppear {
if (domainSchemas.isEmpty) {
domainSchemas.append(DomainSchema(domain: "reddit.com", schema: "apollo://"))
}
}
}
}
It is giving me these errors:
I'm not really sure how to get an array of the objects instead of just a single object, or how to resolve the nil incompatibility error...
解决方案
If you really want to persist your data using UserDefaults the easiest way would be to use a class and conform it to NSCoding. Regarding your global var domainSchemas I would recommend using a singleton or extend UserDefaults and create a computed property for it there:
class DomainSchema: NSObject, NSCoding {
var domain: String
var schema: String
init(domain: String, schema: String) {
self.domain = domain
self.schema = schema
}
required init(coder decoder: NSCoder) {
self.domain = decoder.decodeObject(forKey: "domain") as? String ?? ""
self.schema = decoder.decodeObject(forKey: "schema") as? String ?? ""
}
func encode(with coder: NSCoder) {
coder.encode(domain, forKey: "domain")
coder.encode(schema, forKey: "schema")
}
}
extension UserDefaults {
var domainSchemas: [DomainSchema] {
get {
guard let data = UserDefaults.standard.data(forKey: "domainSchemas") else { return [] }
return (try? NSKeyedUnarchiver.unarchiveTopLevelObjectWithData(data)) as? [DomainSchema] ?? []
}
set {
UserDefaults.standard.set(try? NSKeyedArchiver.archivedData(withRootObject: newValue, requiringSecureCoding: false), forKey: "domainSchemas")
}
}
}
Usage:
UserDefaults.standard.domainSchemas = [.init(domain: "a", schema: "b"), .init(domain: "c", schema: "d")]
UserDefaults.standard.domainSchemas // [{NSObject, domain "a", schema "b"}, {NSObject, domain "c", schema "d"}]
If you prefer the Codable approach persisting the Data using UserDefaults as well:
struct DomainSchema: Codable {
var domain: String
var schema: String
init(domain: String, schema: String) {
self.domain = domain
self.schema = schema
}
}
extension UserDefaults {
var domainSchemas: [DomainSchema] {
get {
guard let data = UserDefaults.standard.data(forKey: "domainSchemas") else { return [] }
return (try? PropertyListDecoder().decode([DomainSchema].self, from: data)) ?? []
}
set {
UserDefaults.standard.set(try? PropertyListEncoder().encode(newValue), forKey: "domainSchemas")
}
}
}
Usage:
UserDefaults.standard.domainSchemas = [.init(domain: "a", schema: "b"), .init(domain: "c", schema: "d")]
UserDefaults.standard.domainSchemas // [{domain "a", schema "b"}, {domain "c", schema "d"}]
I think the best option would be to do not use UserDefaults, create a singleton "shared instance", declare a domainSchemas property there and save your json Data inside a subdirectory of you application support directory:
extension URL {
static var domainSchemas: URL {
let applicationSupport = FileManager.default.urls(for: .applicationSupportDirectory, in: .userDomainMask).first!
let bundleID = Bundle.main.bundleIdentifier ?? "company name"
let subDirectory = applicationSupport.appendingPathComponent(bundleID, isDirectory: true)
try? FileManager.default.createDirectory(at: subDirectory, withIntermediateDirectories: true, attributes: nil)
return subDirectory.appendingPathComponent("domainSchemas.json")
}
}
class Shared {
static let instance = Shared()
private init() { }
var domainSchemas: [DomainSchema] {
get {
guard let data = try? Data(contentsOf: .domainSchemas) else { return [] }
return (try? JSONDecoder().decode([DomainSchema].self, from: data)) ?? []
}
set {
try? JSONEncoder().encode(newValue).write(to: .domainSchemas)
}
}
}
Usage:
Shared.instance.domainSchemas = [.init(domain: "a", schema: "b"), .init(domain: "c", schema: "d")]
Shared.instance.domainSchemas // [{domain "a", schema "b"}, {domain "c", schema "d"}]
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