问题描述
我正在尝试使用比较器来实例化一个 TreeMap 可以访问所述 TreeMap ，即它将 使用的（我猜将必须精确地是问题...）：
I'm trying to instantiate a TreeMap using a Comparator which should be able to access the said TreeMap, i.e. the one it will be used for (I guess that "will" must precisly be the problem...):
final Map<String, Integer> map = new TreeMap<String, Integer>(new Comparator<String>() {
@Override
public int compare(String o1, String o2) {
Integer i = map.get(o1);
// Error: "the local variable map may not have been initialized"
return ...;
}
});
我可以了解为什么会出现此错误，因为实例化 Comparator< String> ; ， map 变量尚未初始化，但是是否有任何解决方法？
I can get why this error occurs, since when instantiating the Comparator<String>, the map variable isn't initialized yet, but is there any workaround solution?
解决方案将是，但其比较器字段已被声明为final：
A solution would have been a setComparator method in the TreeMap implementation, but its comparator field has been declared as final:
final Map<String, Integer> map = new TreeMap<String, Integer>();
Comparator<String> comparator = new Comparator<String>() {
@Override
public int compare(String o1, String o2) {
Integer i = map.get(o1);
return ...;
}
};
// map.setComparator(comparator);
推荐答案
两个月后在（这不起作用 ）后，实际上），这是一个可能的解决方案：
Two months later, after having relooked into the answer @hd1 gave me (which doesn't work as is actually), here is a possible solution:
public class SortedByValueMap<K, V extends Comparable<V>> implements Comparator<K> {
private final Map<K, V> map = new TreeMap<K, V>();
private class CustomTreeMap<KK extends K, VV extends V> extends TreeMap<KK, VV> {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 9196929305071517886L;
private CustomTreeMap(Comparator<KK> c) {
super(c);
}
@Override
public VV put(KK key, VV value) {
map.put(key, value);
return super.put(key, value);
};
@Override
public VV remove(Object key) {
map.remove(key);
return super.remove(key);
}
}
@Override
public int compare(K o1, K o2) {
return map.get(o1).compareTo(map.get(o2));
}
public Map<K, V> getMap() {
return new CustomTreeMap<K, V>(this);
}
}
然后：
Map<String, Integer> map = new SortedByValueMap<String, Integer>().getMap();
map.put("r", 2);
map.put("b", 0);
map.put("a", 1);
System.out.println(map); // prints {b=0, a=1, r=2}
但无论如何，被认为是技术挑战的解决方案，而不是真正有效的工具（因为创建了两个相同的并行映射），所以请谨慎使用... ;）
But anyway, it has to be considered as a technical challenge solution rather than a real efficient tool though (since two identical parallel maps are created), so use it sparingly... ;)
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