找不到在 docker compose 环境中运行的节点 js 应用程序的模块

问题描述

对于我的新手问题，我很抱歉，但我发现这个错误的日子很糟糕，我有一个 Express 应用程序，我正在尝试在 docker compose 中运行它.我用过这个 Dockerfile:

I am sorry for my very newbie question, but I am having a terrible day figuring out this error, I have an Express app and I am trying to run it in docker compose.I've used this Dockerfile:

FROM mhart/alpine-node
RUN mkdir -p /usr/src/app
RUN chmod -R 777 /usr/src/app
WORKDIR /usr/src/app
RUN npm install node-gyp -g
RUN npm install nodemon -g
ENV NODE_ENV development
EXPOSE 3000

我的 docker-compose 文件的这一部分:

And this portion of my docker-compose file:

backend:
    mem_limit: 100m
    build:
      context: .
      dockerfile: dockerfiles/node/Dockerfile
    command: npm start
    depends_on:
      - mongo
      - elasticsearch
    volumes:
      - ./backend/:/usr/src/app
    ports:
      - 3000:3000
    links:
      - "mongo:mongo"
      - "elasticsearch:elasticsearch"

当我执行 docker-compose up 时，出现此错误:

When I do docker-compose up, I get this error:

backend_1        | npm info it worked if it ends with ok
backend_1        | npm info using [email protected]
backend_1        | npm info using [email protected]
backend_1        | npm info lifecycle [email protected]~prestart: [email protected]
backend_1        | npm info lifecycle [email protected]~start: [email protected]
backend_1        | 
backend_1        | > [email protected] start /usr/src/app
backend_1        | > nodemon index.js
backend_1        | 
backend_1        | [nodemon] 1.11.0
backend_1        | [nodemon] to restart at any time, enter `rs`
backend_1        | [nodemon] watching: *.*
backend_1        | [nodemon] starting `node index.js`
backend_1        | module.js:471
backend_1        |     throw err;
backend_1        |     ^
backend_1        | 
backend_1        | Error: Cannot find module 'dotenv'
backend_1        |     at Function.Module._resolveFilename (module.js:469:15)
backend_1        |     at Function.Module._load (module.js:417:25)
backend_1        |     at Module.require (module.js:497:17)
backend_1        |     at require (internal/module.js:20:19)
backend_1        |     at Object.<anonymous> (/usr/src/app/index.js:1:63)
backend_1        |     at Module._compile (module.js:570:32)
backend_1        |     at Object.Module._extensions..js (module.js:579:10)
backend_1        |     at Module.load (module.js:487:32)
backend_1        |     at tryModuleLoad (module.js:446:12)
backend_1        |     at Function.Module._load (module.js:438:3)
backend_1        | [nodemon] app crashed - waiting for file changes before starting...

如果我在 backend 容器中执行 ls -al，我会得到我的后端应用程序文件夹内容的完整列表，但听起来像 node_modules 依赖项无法识别.

If I do ls -al in the backend container, I get a full list of my backend app folder content, but it sounds like node_modules dependencies are not recognized.

推荐答案

您需要在容器中安装依赖项，而您的 Dockerfile 中缺少该依赖项.

You need to install the dependencies in the container, which is missing from your Dockerfile.

常见的方法是创建一个已经知道你的应用程序的 Dockerfile，并让它复制你的 package.json 文件并执行 npm install.

The common way is to create a Dockerfile that is already aware of your application, and make it copy your package.json file and perform an npm install.

这允许您的容器在您稍后运行应用程序时找到所有代码依赖项.

This allows your container to find all your code dependencies when you later run your application.

参见此处的示例:https://nodejs.org/en/docs/guides/nodejs-docker-网络应用程序/

示例Dockerfile:

FROM node:boron

# Create app directory
RUN mkdir -p /usr/src/app
WORKDIR /usr/src/app

# Install app dependencies
COPY package.json /usr/src/app/
RUN npm install

# Bundle app source
COPY . /usr/src/app

EXPOSE 8080
CMD [ "npm", "start" ]

当然，您可能需要调整 COPY 命令的路径.

You may need to adapt paths for the COPY command, of course.

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