在 ruby​​ 中调试第三方 gem 的最佳方法

问题描述

由于 ruby​​ gem 内部可能有很多 Ghost Methods，所以我认为仅通过静态读取其源代码来研究 ruby​​ gem 的内部机制不是一个好主意.有没有办法将第三方 gem 的源文件附加到正在运行的 ruby​​ 进程进行调试，以便我可以设置断点并查看事情是如何动态工作的?
顺便说一句，我试图通过单击require"语句的上下文菜单Go To->Implementations"或第三方 gem 的其他符号来导航到 RubyMine 中第三方 gem 的源文件(require 'watir' 例如)，但没有成功.对于 Ruby 等动态类型语言的 IDE，符号导航失败是否正常?

Since there may be a lot of Ghost Methods inside a ruby gem, I don't think it is a good idea to study the inner mechanism of a ruby gem just by reading its source code statically. Is there a way to attach the source file of a third-part gem to a running ruby process for debugging so that I can set break point and see how things work dynamically ?
BTW,I've tried to navigate to the source file of a third-part gem in RubyMine by clicking on the context menu "Go To->Implementations" of the 'require' statement or other symbol of an third-part gem( require 'watir' for example ), without success. Is it normal for an IDE of a dynamic typing language such as Ruby to fail a symbol navigation?

推荐答案

我很想知道是否有更好的方法来做到这一点，但我通常是这样做的:

I would love to know if there's a better way to do this, but how I usually do it is:

1. 将 ruby​​-debug gem 添加到您的 Gemfile(或 ruby​​-debug19，如果您使用的是 Ruby 1.9.2)
2. 通过 bundle show gemname 找到 Gem.我在 Mac 上，所以我通常将其通过管道传输到 pbcopy，以便将其复制到我的剪贴板.bundle show rails |pbcopy
3. 在您喜欢的编辑器中打开 gem 目录.mvim/path/to/gem/directory
4. 导航到要放置断点的文件和行*，然后在相关行上方插入 debugger.
5. 重新加载页面、运行测试或执行任何您想要执行 Gem 文件的操作
6. 当在调试器处停止执行时，您可以检查变量(p variable_name)，并使用 ruby 调试器命令.

1. Add the ruby-debug gem to your Gemfile (or ruby-debug19 if you're on Ruby 1.9.2)
2. Find the Gem by doing bundle show gemname. I'm on a Mac so I usually pipe this to pbcopy so it gets copied to my clipboard. bundle show rails | pbcopy
3. Open the gem directory in your favorite editor. mvim /path/to/gem/directory
4. Navigate to the file and line where you want to put the breakpoint* and insert debugger above the line in question.
5. Reload page, run test, or do whatever you would to get the Gem file to execute
6. When execution stops at debugger, you can inspect variables (p variable_name), and move line by line with the ruby debugger commands.

*知道断点在哪里可能需要对代码有所了解，但你应该从 lib/gemname.rb 开始

*Knowing where to put the breakpoint can take some understanding of the code, but you should start in lib/gemname.rb

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