问题描述
有没有办法强制vim使用制表符来做初始缩进，但是在运行retab时！命令不用制表符替换内部字间距?
Is there a way to force vim to use tabs to do the initial indent, but when running the retab! command NOT replace inner word spacing with tabs?
推荐答案
根据我的经验，最好的方法是使用自定义函数:
In my experience the best way to do this is with a custom function:
" Retab spaced file, but only indentation
command! RetabIndents call RetabIndents()
" Retab spaced file, but only indentation
func! RetabIndents()
let saved_view = winsaveview()
execute '%s@^\( \{'.&ts.'}\)\+@\=repeat("\t", len(submatch(0))/'.&ts.')@'
call winrestview(saved_view)
endfunc
然后您可以使用:
:RetabIndents
将所有前导空格替换为制表符，但不影响其他字符之后的制表符.它假定 'ts' 设置正确.通过执行以下操作，您可以大大改善未对齐的文件:
to replace all leading spaces as tabs but not to affect tabs after other characters. It assumes that 'ts' is set correctly. You can go a long way to making files that are misaligned better by doing something like this:
:set ts=8 " Or whatever makes the file looks like right
:set et " Switch to 'space mode'
:retab " This makes everything spaces
:set noet " Switch back to 'tab mode'
:RetabIndents " Change indentation (not alignment) to tabs
:set ts=4 " Or whatever your coding convention says it should be
您最终会得到一个文件，其中所有前导空格都是制表符，因此人们可以以他们想要的任何格式查看它，但所有尾随空格都是空格，以便所有行尾注释、表格等与任何标签宽度正确对齐.
You'll end up with a file where all the leading whitespace is tabs so people can look at it in whatever format they want, but where all the trailing whitespace is spaces so that all the end-of-line comments, tables etc line up properly with any tab width.
编辑
'exe' 行的解释:
Explanation of the 'exe' line:
execute '%s@^\( \{'.&ts.'}\)\+@\=repeat("\t", len(submatch(0))/'.&ts.')@'
" Execute the result of joining a few strings together:
%s " Search and replace over the whole file
@....@....@ " Delimiters for search and replace
^ " Start of line
\(...\) " Match group
\{...} " Match a space the number of times in the curly braces
&ts " The current value of 'tabstop' option, so:
" 'string'.&ts.'string' becomes 'string4string' if tabstop is 4
" Thus the bracket bit becomes \( \{4}\)
\+ " Match one or more of the groups of 'tabstop' spaces (so if
" tabstop is 4, match 4, 8, 12, 16 etc spaces
@ " The middle delimiter
\= " Replace with the result of an expression:
repeat(s,c) " Make a string that is c copies of s, so repeat('xy',4) is 'xyxyxyxy'
"\t" " String consisting of a single tab character
submatch(0) " String that was matched by the first part (a number of multiples
" of tabstop spaces)
len(submatch(0)) " The length of the match
/'.&ts.' " This adds the string "/4" onto the expression (if tabstop is 4),
" resulting in len(submatch(0))/4 which gives the number of tabs that
" the line has been indented by
) " The end of the repeat() function call
@ " End delimiter
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