填充CSV文件中的空白

问题描述

我有一个CSV文件，其中某些列为空，例如

I have a CSV file where some columns are empty such as

oski14,safe,0,13,53,4
oski15,Unknow,,,,0
oski16,Unknow,,,,0
oski17,Unknow,,,,0
oski18,unsafe,0.55,,1,2
oski19,unsafe,0.12,4,,56

如何将所有空列替换为空"一词.我尝试使用awk(这是我正在学习使用的命令).

How do I replace all the empty columns with the word "empty".I have tried using awk(which is a command I am learning to use).

我想要

oski14,safe,0,13,53,4
oski15,Unknow,empty,empty,empty,0
oski16,Unknow,empty,empty,empty,0
oski17,Unknow,empty,empty,empty,0
oski18,unsafe,0.55,empty,1,2
oski19,unsafe,0.12,4,empty,56

我试图只替换第3列，以查看我是否在正确的轨道上

I tried to replace just the 3rd column to see if I was on the right track

    awk -F '[[:space:]]' '$2 && !$3{$3="empty"}1' file

这给我留下了

oski14,safe,0,13,53,4
oski15,Unknow,,,,0
oski16,Unknow,,,,0
oski17,Unknow,,,,0
oski18,unsafe,0.55,,1,2
oski19,unsafe,0.12,4,,56

我也尝试过

    nawk -F, '{$3="\ "?"empty":$3;print}' OFS="," file

这导致了

oski14,safe,empty,13,53,4
oski15,Unknow,empty,,,0
oski16,Unknow,empty,,,0
oski17,Unknow,empty,,,0
oski18,unsafe,empty,,1,2
oski19,unsafe,empty,4,,56

最后我尝试了

    awk '{if (!$3) {print $1,$2,"empty"} else {print $1,$2,$3}}' file

这给我留下了

oski14,safe,empty,13,53,4 empty
oski15,Unknow,empty,,,0 empty
oski16,Unknow,empty,,,0 empty
oski17,Unknow,empty,,,0 empty
oski18,unsafe,empty,,1,2 empty
oski19,unsafe,empty,4,,56 empty

推荐答案

具有支持带有-E参数的ERE的sed(例如GNU sed或OSX/BSD sed):

With a sed that supports EREs with a -E argument (e.g. GNU sed or OSX/BSD sed):

$ sed -E 's/(^|,)(,|$)/\1empty\2/g; s/(^|,)(,|$)/\1empty\2/g' file
oski14,safe,0,13,53,4
oski15,Unknow,empty,empty,empty,0
oski16,Unknow,empty,empty,empty,0
oski17,Unknow,empty,empty,empty,0
oski18,unsafe,0.55,empty,1,2
oski19,unsafe,0.12,4,empty,56

您需要进行两次替换，因为给定连续逗号(例如,,,)，一个正则表达式匹配将用完前2个,，因此您将剩下,empty,,.

You need to do the substitution twice because given contiguous commas like ,,, one regexp match would use up the first 2 ,s and so you'd be left with ,empty,,.

上面的代码会将一个完全空的行更改为empty，请让我们知道这是否是一个问题.

The above would change a completely empty line into empty, let us know if that's an issue.

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