从UTC偏移量获取时区名称

问题描述

如何从Python中给定的UTC偏移量获取时区名称？

How can I get the timezone name from a given UTC offset in Python?

例如，我有

"GMT+0530"

我想要得到，

"Asia/Calcutta"

如果存在多个匹配项，则结果应为时区名称列表。

If there are multiple matches, the result should be a list of timezone names.

推荐答案

可能存在 零个或更多 （多个）时区，它们对应于 单个UTC偏移量 。要立即查找具有给定UTC偏移量的这些时区：

There could be zero or more (multiple) timezones that correspond to a single UTC offset. To find these timezones that have a given UTC offset now:

#!/usr/bin/env python
from datetime import datetime, timedelta
import pytz  # $ pip install pytz

utc_offset = timedelta(hours=5, minutes=30)  # +5:30
now = datetime.now(pytz.utc)  # current time
print({tz.zone for tz in map(pytz.timezone, pytz.all_timezones_set)
       if now.astimezone(tz).utcoffset() == utc_offset})

输出

Output

set(['Asia/Colombo', 'Asia/Calcutta', 'Asia/Kolkata'])

如果要考虑历史数据（根据当前时区规则在某个日期具有/将具有给定utc偏移量的时区）：

If you want to take historical data into account (timezones that had/will have a given utc offset at some date according to the current time zone rules):

#!/usr/bin/env python
from datetime import datetime, timedelta
import pytz  # $ pip install pytz

utc_offset = timedelta(hours=5, minutes=30)  # +5:30
names = set()
now = datetime.now(pytz.utc)
for tz in map(pytz.timezone, pytz.all_timezones_set):
    dt = now.astimezone(tz)
    tzinfos = getattr(tz, '_tzinfos',
                      [(dt.utcoffset(), dt.dst(), dt.tzname())])
    if any(off == utc_offset for off, _, _ in tzinfos):
        names.add(tz.zone)
print("\n".join(sorted(names)))

输出

Output

Asia/Calcutta
Asia/Colombo
Asia/Dacca
Asia/Dhaka
Asia/Karachi
Asia/Kathmandu
Asia/Katmandu
Asia/Kolkata
Asia/Thimbu
Asia/Thimphu

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