多态和SwiftUI

问题描述

给出以下示例:

class ProfileTab: Identifiable {
    let id = UUID()
    let name: String

    init(name: String) {
        self.name = name
    }
}

class ProfileQuoteTab: ProfileTab {
    let answer: String
    let prompt: String

    init(name: String, answer: String, prompt: String) {
        self.answer = answer
        self.prompt = prompt
        super.init(name: name)
    }
}

class ProfileImageTab: ProfileTab {
    let image: Image

    init(name: String, image: Image) {
        self.image = image
        super.init(name: name)
    }
}

struct ContentView: View {
    let tabs: [ProfileTab] = [
        ProfileQuoteTab(name: "This is a quote tab", answer: "This is an answer", prompt: "This is a prompt"),
        ProfileImageTab(name: "This is an image tab", image: Image(systemName: "faceid"))
    ]

    var body: some View {
        List(self.tabs) { tab in
            VStack {
                if tab is ProfileQuoteTab {
                    Text((tab as! ProfileQuoteTab).answer)
                }

                if tab is ProfileImageTab {
                    (tab as! ProfileImageTab).image
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

在我的ProfileTab数组中是否有更好/推荐的方法来访问不同类的属性?

Is there a better/recommended way of accessing properties on different classes within my ProfileTab array?

我知道这样做会导致:

if let profileImage = tab as? ProfileImage {
    ...
}

有没有一种更清洁的方法，而不是执行以下操作?

Is there a cleaner way rather than doing the following?

(tab as! ProfileImageTab).image

推荐答案

在所描述的用例中，多态性看起来类似于以下内容(或某些变体):

In the described use-case the polymorphism would look like the following (or in some variations):

class ProfileTab: Identifiable {
    let id = UUID()
    let name: String

    init(name: String) {
        self.name = name
    }

    func view() -> AnyView {
        AnyView(EmptyView())
    }
}

class ProfileQuoteTab: ProfileTab {
    let answer: String
    let prompt: String

    init(name: String, answer: String, prompt: String) {
        self.answer = answer
        self.prompt = prompt
        super.init(name: name)
    }

    override func view() -> AnyView {
        AnyView(Text(self.answer))
    }
}

class ProfileImageTab: ProfileTab {
    let image: Image

    init(name: String, image: Image) {
        self.image = image
        super.init(name: name)
    }

    override func view() -> AnyView {
        AnyView(self.image)
    }
}

struct ContentView: View {
    let tabs: [ProfileTab] = [
        ProfileQuoteTab(name: "This is a quote tab", answer: "This is an answer", prompt: "This is a prompt"),
        ProfileImageTab(name: "This is an image tab", image: Image(systemName: "faceid"))
    ]

    var body: some View {
        List(self.tabs) { tab in
            VStack {
                tab.view()
            }
        }
    }
}

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