Amazon Redshift外键-排序或交错键

问题描述

我们计划将OLTP关系表导入AWS Redshift.CustomerTransaction表联接到多个查找表.我只包括3个，但我们还有更多.

We plan to import OLTP Relational tables into AWS Redshift. The CustomerTransaction table joins to multiple lookup tables. I only included 3, but we have more.

客户交易表上的排序键应该是什么?在常规SQL Server中，我们在CustomerTransaction表的外键上具有非聚集索引.对于AWS Redshift，我应该对CustomerTransaction中的外键列使用复合排序键还是交错排序?此表设计的最佳索引策略是什么.谢谢，

What should Sort Key be on Customer Transaction Table? In regular SQL server, we have nonclustered indexes on the foreign keys in CustomerTransaction table.For AWS Redshift, Should I use compound sort keys or interleaved sort on foreign key columns in CustomerTransaction? What is the best indexing strategy for this table design.Thanks,

create table.dbo CustomerTransaction
{
    CustomerTransactionId bigint primary key identity(1,1),
    ProductTypeId bigint,   -- foreign keys to Product Type Table
    StatusTypeID bigint         -- Foreign keys to StatusTypeTable
    DateOfPurchase date,
    PurchaseAmount float,
    ....
}

create table dbo.ProductType
{
    CustomerTransactionId bigint primary key identity(1,1),
    ProductName varchar(255),
    ProductDescription varchar(255)
    .....
}

create table dbo.StatusType
{
    StatusTypeId bigint primary key identity(1,1),
    StatusTypeName varchar(255),
    StatusDescription varchar(255)
    .....

}

推荐答案

一般经验法则是:

• 根据通常的GROUP BY
设置DISTKEY
• 根据您在WHERE语句中常用的设置来设置SORTKEY
• 避免使用交错排序键(它们仅在极少数情况下才是最佳选择，并且需要频繁使用VACUUM)

• Set the DISTKEY based on what you commonly GROUP BY
• Set the SORTKEY based on what you commonly use in WHERE statements
• Avoid Interleaved Sort Keys (they are only optimal in rare circumstances and require frequent VACUUM)

来自选择最佳发行版样式-Amazon Redshift :

• 将事实表和一维表分布在它们的公用列上
• 根据过滤后的数据集的大小选择最大维度
• 在过滤后的结果集中选择基数高的列
• 更改某些维度表以使用ALL分布

因此，推荐特定的DISTKEY和SORTKEY并不容易，因为这取决于您使用故事的方式.仅看到DDL不足以建议最佳的优化表的方法.

So, it is not easy to recommend a particular DISTKEY and SORTKEY because it depends on how you use the tales. Merely seeing the DDL is not sufficient to recommend the best way to optimize the tables.

其他参考文献:

• 设计表的Amazon Redshift最佳做法
• 前10名Amazon Redshift的性能调整技术| AWS大数据博客

• Amazon Redshift Best Practices for Designing Tables
• Top 10 Performance Tuning Techniques for Amazon Redshift | AWS Big Data Blog

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