请求——如何判断你是否收到 404

问题描述

我正在使用 Requests 库并访问网站以使用以下代码从中收集数据:

r = requests.get(url)

我想为输入不正确的 URL 并返回 404 错误添加错误测试.如果我故意输入一个无效的 URL，当我这样做时:

print r

我明白了:

我想知道如何进行测试.对象类型仍然相同.当我执行 r.content 或 r.text 时，我只是获取自定义 404 页面的 HTML.

解决方案

看r.status_code 属性:

如果 r.status_code == 404:# 发出了 404.

演示:

>>>进口请求>>>r = requests.get('http://httpbin.org/status/404')>>>r.status_code404

如果您希望 requests 为错误代码(4xx 或 5xx)引发异常，请调用 r.raise_for_status():

>>>r = requests.get('http://httpbin.org/status/404')>>>r.raise_for_status()回溯(最近一次调用最后一次):文件<stdin>"，第 1 行，在 <module> 中文件requests/models.py"，第 664 行，在 raise_for_status 中引发 http_errorrequests.exceptions.HTTPError:404 客户端错误:未找到>>>r = requests.get('http://httpbin.org/status/200')>>>r.raise_for_status()>>># 没有引发异常.

您还可以在布尔上下文中测试响应对象；如果状态代码不是错误代码(4xx 或 5xx)，则认为是真":

如果 r:# 成功响应

如果您想更明确，请使用 if r.ok:.

I'm using the Requests library and accessing a website to gather data from it with the following code:

r = requests.get(url)

I want to add error testing for when an improper URL is entered and a 404 error is returned. If I intentionally enter an invalid URL, when I do this:

print r

I get this:

<Response [404]>

EDIT:

I want to know how to test for that. The object type is still the same. When I do r.content or r.text, I simply get the HTML of a custom 404 page.

解决方案

Look at the r.status_code attribute:

if r.status_code == 404:
    # A 404 was issued.

Demo:

>>> import requests
>>> r = requests.get('http://httpbin.org/status/404')
>>> r.status_code
404

If you want requests to raise an exception for error codes (4xx or 5xx), call r.raise_for_status():

>>> r = requests.get('http://httpbin.org/status/404')
>>> r.raise_for_status()
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "requests/models.py", line 664, in raise_for_status
    raise http_error
requests.exceptions.HTTPError: 404 Client Error: NOT FOUND
>>> r = requests.get('http://httpbin.org/status/200')
>>> r.raise_for_status()
>>> # no exception raised.

You can also test the response object in a boolean context; if the status code is not an error code (4xx or 5xx), it is considered ‘true’:

if r:
    # successful response

If you want to be more explicit, use if r.ok:.

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