调用包含 PyQt4 的 PyInstaller 制作的 .exe 时出现运行时错误

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问题描述

所以，我有两个 .py 文件，一个由 QtDesigner 和另一个基本上实现了 GUI 的功能.使用 pyinstaller，我生成了一个 .exe文件以在没有 python 和相关库的系统上使用它.

So, I have two .py files, one generated by QtDesigner and another which basically implements the functionality of the GUI. Using, pyinstaller, I generated a .exe file to use it on systems without python and the associated libraries.

命令:pyinstaller my_script.py 运行良好，没有任何错误.

The command: pyinstaller my_script.py runs fine without any errors.

当我运行 .exe 文件时出现问题.

The problem occurs when I run the .exe file.

错误:

Qt:检测到未经测试的 Windows 10.0 版！回溯(最近一次调用最后一次):文件site-packages\PyInstaller\loader\rthooks\pyi_rth_qt4plugins.py"，第 41 行，在导入错误:没有名为PySide"的模块

在处理上述异常的过程中，又发生了一个异常:

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

回溯(最近一次调用最后一次):文件site-packages\PyInstaller\loader\rthooks\pyi_rth_qt4plugins.py"，第 43 行，在文件"，第 2237 行，在 _find_and_load 中文件"，第 2226 行，在 _find_and_load_unlocked 中文件"，第 1191 行，在 _load_unlocked 中文件"，第 1161 行，在 _load_backward_compatible 中文件C:\python\lib\site-packages\PyInstaller\loader\pyimod03_importers.py"，第 714 行，在 load_module模块 = loader.load_module(全名)

Traceback (most recent call last): File "site-packages\PyInstaller\loader\rthooks\pyi_rth_qt4plugins.py", line 43, in File "", line 2237, in _find_and_load File "", line 2226, in _find_and_load_unlocked File "", line 1191, in _load_unlocked File "", line 1161, in _load_backward_compatible File "C:\python\lib\site-packages\PyInstaller\loader\pyimod03_importers.py", line 714, in load_module module = loader.load_module(fullname)

RuntimeError: PyQt4.QtCore 和 PyQt5.QtCore 模块都封装了 QObject 类[11364] 无法执行脚本 pyi_rth_qt4plugins

RuntimeError: the PyQt4.QtCore and PyQt5.QtCore modules both wrap the QObject class [11364] Failed to execute script pyi_rth_qt4plugins

所以我试图找到解决方案.这些是我尝试过的解决方案:

So I tried to find a solution to this. These are the solutions I tried:

如何强制 PyQt5 用于 QObject 类?- 只需导入 PyQt，因为第一条语句不能解决问题.

How to force PyQt5 use for QObject class? - simply make the PyQt import as the first statement doesn't resolve the issue.

https://github.com/tzutalin/labelImg/issues/268- 这里建议移除PyQt4并只使用 PyQt5.我的系统上确实有这两个项目，有些项目依赖于 PyQt5，有些项目依赖于 PyQt4，因此我不想删除后者.此外，必须有另一个解决方案，让我不要这样做.

https://github.com/tzutalin/labelImg/issues/268 - Here it is recommended to remove PyQt4 and use only PyQt5. I do have both of them on my system, some projects rely on PyQt5 and some on PyQt4 hence I don't want remove the latter. Also, there has to be another solution, is making me not do this.

https://intellij-support.jetbrains.com/hc/en-us/community/posts/115000551170-PyQt4-and-PyQt5-collisions-in-PyCharm-2017-2-1-when-debugging-QGIS-application - 这是一个类似的错误，所以我补充说:matplotlib.rcParams['backend'] = 'Qt4Agg'matplotlib.rcParams['backend.qt4'] = 'PyQt4'

https://intellij-support.jetbrains.com/hc/en-us/community/posts/115000551170-PyQt4-and-PyQt5-collisions-in-PyCharm-2017-2-1-when-debugging-QGIS-application - This was a similar error, so I added:matplotlib.rcParams['backend'] = 'Qt4Agg'matplotlib.rcParams['backend.qt4'] = 'PyQt4'

对于我的导入，仍然无效.

to my imports, still didn't work.

注意:我正在使用:

PyCharm 2018.1(社区版)

PyCharm 2018.1 (Community Edition)

构建 #PC-181.4203.547，构建于 2018 年 3 月 26 日

Build #PC-181.4203.547, built on March 26, 2018

JRE:1.8.0_152-release-1136-b20 amd64

JRE: 1.8.0_152-release-1136-b20 amd64

JVM:JetBrains s.r.o 的 OpenJDK 64 位服务器虚拟机

JVM: OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM by JetBrains s.r.o

Windows 10 10.0

并且代码在 IDE 中运行良好.

and the code works fine in the IDE.

编辑:

我的导入是:

from PyQt4 import QtCore, QtGui
from matplotlib.backends.backend_qt4agg import FigureCanvasQTagg as Canvas

我没有添加任何其他与 Qt 相关的导入语句.

I am not adding any other import statements related to Qt.

编辑 - 2:

尝试 cx_Freeze 而不是 PyInstaller，这是安装文件.

Trying cx_Freeze instead of PyInstaller, here is the setup file.

import sys
from cx_Freeze import setup, Executable

base = None
if sys.platform == "win32":
    base = "Win32GUI"

additional_mods = ['numpy.core._methods', 'numpy.lib.format', 
'numpy._distributor_init']

setup( name="ASCII2fig",
       version = "0.1",
       description = "GUI",
       options = {'build_exe': {'includes': additional_mods}},
       executables = [Executable("ASCII2figALL_main_edited.py", base=base)])

我在 ImportError 之后执行脚本一次后添加了 additional_mods，这是不间断的.有什么方法可以破解并找到我应该明确提及的库?

I added the additional_mods after executing the script once following ImportError, which are non-stop. Any ways to hack and find which libraries I should mention explicitly?

此外，当我使用 Qt 运行我的主脚本时，我还尝试检查实际导入了哪些库:

Additionally, I also tried to check which libraries are actually being imported when I run my main script with Qt using:

from modulefinder import ModuleFinder

filename = "ASCII2figALL_main_edited.py"
finder = ModuleFinder()
finder.run_script(filename)
for name, mod in finder.modules.items():
    print(name)

显然，它正在内部导入 PyQt5.如前所述，我没有导入语句提到 PyQt5.

and apparently, it is importing PyQt5 internally. As mentioned before, I have NO import statements mentioning PyQt5.

编辑 - 3

所以，我将代码更改为 pure PyQt5，将 pyinstaller 更新到最新版本 - 3.4，现在有一个新的找不到 Qt 插件的问题.它仍然以某种方式导入 PyQt4，我不知道在哪里.

So, I changed the code to pure PyQt5, updated the pyinstaller to the latest version - 3.4, and now there is a new issue where it doesn't find the Qt plugins. It is still somehow importing PyQt4 and I don't know where.

PyQt5

调用包含 PyQt4 的 PyInstaller 制作的 .exe 时出现运行时错误

问题描述

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