问题描述
related_name 参数对 ManyToManyField 和 ForeignKey 字段有什么用?比如给定下面的代码，related_name='maps'的作用是什么?
What is the related_name argument useful for on ManyToManyField and ForeignKey fields? For example, given the following code, what is the effect of related_name='maps'?
class Map(db.Model):
members = models.ManyToManyField(User, related_name='maps',
verbose_name=_('members'))
推荐答案
related_name 属性指定从 User 模型返回到您的模型的反向关系的名称.
The related_name attribute specifies the name of the reverse relation from the User model back to your model.
如果您没有指定related_name，Django 会自动使用您的模型名称和后缀_set 创建一个，例如User.map_set.all().
If you don't specify a related_name, Django automatically creates one using the name of your model with the suffix _set, for instance User.map_set.all().
如果您确实指定，例如related_name=maps 在 User 模型上，User.map_set 仍然有效，但 User.maps. 语法显然更干净一点，也不那么笨重；例如，如果您有一个用户对象 current_user，您可以使用 current_user.maps.all() 来获取您的 Map 的所有实例与 current_user 相关的模型.
If you do specify, e.g. related_name=maps on the User model, User.map_set will still work, but the User.maps. syntax is obviously a bit cleaner and less clunky; so for example, if you had a user object current_user, you could use current_user.maps.all() to get all instances of your Map model that have a relation to current_user.
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