问题描述
我了解到, HashSet的
实施的IEnumerable
接口。因此,有可能隐含蒙上了 HashSet的
对象为的IEnumerable
:
I learned that HashSet
implements the IEnumerable
interface. Thus, it is possible to implicitly cast a HashSet
object into IEnumerable
:
HashSet<T> foo = new HashSet<T>();
IEnumerable<T> foo2 = foo; // Implicit cast, everything fine.
这适用于嵌套泛型类型,也:
This works for nested generic types, too:
HashSet<HashSet<T>> dong = new HashSet<HashSet<T>>();
IEnumerable<IEnumerable<T>> dong2 = dong; // Implicit cast, everything fine.
目前至少这是我的想法。但是,如果我做一个词典
,我碰到一个问题:
At least that's what I thought. But if I make a Dictionary
, I run into a problem:
IDictionary<T, HashSet<T>> bar = new Dictionary<T, HashSet<T>>();
IDictionary<T, IEnumerable<T>> bar2 = bar; // compile error
最后一行给我下面的编译错误(Visual Studio的2015年):
The last line gives me the following compile error (Visual Studio 2015):
无法隐式转换类型
System.Collections.Generic .IDictionary< T,System.Collections.Generic.HashSet< T>>
来
System.Collections.Generic.IDictionary< T,System.Collections.Generic .IEnumerable< T>>
这是显式转换存在(是否缺少强制转换?)
An explicit conversion exists (are you missing a cast?)
但是,如果我写做演员
IDictionary<T, IEnumerable<T>> bar2 = (IDictionary<T, IEnumerable<T>>) bar;
然后我得到在运行时无效转换异常。
then I get an invalid cast exception at runtime.
两个问题:
- 我如何解决这个问题?是遍历键和滴滴?建立一个新的字典位的唯一方法
- 为什么我会在第一时间这个问题,即使
的HashSet
确实实现了的IEnumerable
接口?
- How do I solve this? Is the only way to iterate over the keys and build up a new dictionary bit by bit?
- Why do I get this problem in the first place, even though
HashSet
does implement theIEnumerable
interface?
推荐答案
它不工作的原因是,在的IDictionary<的价值; TKEY的,TValue>
不是的的(并且也不是关键,出于同样的原因)。如果它被允许存在,那么这段代码编译,但的具有的导致异常:
The reason it doesn't work is that the value in IDictionary<TKey, TValue>
is not co-variant (and nor is the key, for the same reasons). If it were allowed to be, then this code would compile, but has to result in an exception:
IDictionary<T, HashSet<T>> foo = new Dictionary<T, HashSet<T>>();
IDictionary<T, IEnumerable<T>> bar = foo;
foo.Add(key, new List<T>());
您会想加入列表< T>
会的工作,因为这将编译给定的值类型是所谓的IEnumerable< T>
。它不能成功,不过,作为的实际的值类型为的HashSet< T>
You'd think adding a List<T>
would work, as it would compile given the value type is supposedly IEnumerable<T>
. It can't succeed, though, as the actual value type is HashSet<T>
.
所以,是的。唯一的方法是创建一个新的字典
So, yes: the only way is to create a new dictionary.
var bar = foo.ToDictionary(x => x.Key, x => x.Value.AsEnumerable());
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