本文介绍了如何使用 PyQt5 将“Qt.WA_X11NetWmWindowTypeDesktop"属性应用于我的 QML 窗口的处理方法，对大家解决问题具有一定的参考价值，需要的朋友们下面随着小编来一起学习吧！
问题描述
我在桌面环境中工作，我希望我的 QML 窗口作为我的主桌面窗口.我正在将 QML 与 PyQt5 集成.
I am working on a desktop environment and I want my QML window as my main desktop window. I am integrating QML with PyQt5.
这是我的代码
import sys
from PyQt5 import*
from PyQt5.QtCore import*
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import*
from PyQt5.QtQuick import*
from PyQt5.QtQml import*
from threading import Thread
import os
import importlib
import subprocess
import tempfile
import re
import random
import os.path
from os import path
dir_path = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__))
if __name__ == '__main__':
myApp = QApplication(sys.argv)
engine = QQmlApplicationEngine()
context = engine.rootContext()
context.setContextProperty("main", engine)
engine.load('/home/newtron/Muscovy/main.qml')
window = QMainWindow()
win = engine.rootObjects()[0]
win.show()
window.setAttribute(Qt.WA_X11NetWmWindowTypeDesktop, True)
sys.exit(myApp.exec_())
main.qml
import QtQuick 2.12
import QtQuick.Window 2.12
import QtQuick.Controls 2.12
ApplicationWindow {
property var theme: String("#ffffff")
property var focusColor: String('transparent')
id: applicationWindow
visible: true
width: Screen.width
height: Screen.height
color: "#2d2b2b"
title: qsTr("Muscovy")
background: Image {
id: image
anchors.fill: parent
source: "../Pictures/Wallpapers/113844.jpg"
fillMode: Image.PreserveAspectCrop
}
PropertyAnimation{
id: themeOpen
target: rectangle
duration: 200
property: 'anchors.rightMargin'
to: 0
}
PropertyAnimation{
id: themeClose
target: rectangle
duration: 200
property: 'anchors.rightMargin'
to: -45
}
Loader {
id: loader
anchors.fill: parent
source: 'main2.qml'
}
Rectangle {
id: rectangle
x: 1166
y: 391
width: 50
height: 225
color: "#68ffffff"
radius: 25
anchors.right: parent.right
anchors.rightMargin: -45
anchors.verticalCenter: parent.verticalCenter
MouseArea {
id: mouseArea
anchors.fill: parent
hoverEnabled: true
onEntered: {
themeOpen.start()
}
onExited: {
themeClose.start()
}
}
RoundButton {
id: roundButton1
x: 7
y: 142
anchors.top: parent.top
anchors.topMargin: 142
anchors.right: parent.right
anchors.rightMargin: 7
anchors.left: parent.left
anchors.leftMargin: 7
anchors.bottom: parent.bottom
anchors.bottomMargin: 48
onClicked:{
theme = String('#ffffff')
loader.source = 'main2.qml'
}
background: Rectangle {
id: rectan1
height: 20
color: "#434343"
radius: parent.radius
gradient: Gradient {
GradientStop {
position: 0.00;
color: "#00f7ff";
}
GradientStop {
position: 1.00;
color: "#0091ff";
}
}
anchors.fill: parent
rotation: 45
}
Text {
id: element1
x: 5
y: 8
color: "#ffffff"
text: qsTr("Li")
anchors.horizontalCenter: parent.horizontalCenter
anchors.verticalCenter: parent.verticalCenter
font.pixelSize: 12
}
}
RoundButton {
id: roundButton
x: 8
y: 51
anchors.top: parent.top
anchors.topMargin: 51
anchors.bottom: parent.bottom
anchors.bottomMargin: 139
anchors.left: parent.left
anchors.leftMargin: 8
anchors.right: parent.right
anchors.rightMargin: 8
onClicked:{
theme = String('#000000')
loader.source = 'main2.qml'
}
background: Rectangle{
id:rectan
height: 20
rotation:45
color: "#434343"
anchors.fill: parent
radius: parent.radius
gradient: Gradient {
GradientStop {
position: 0
color: "#434343"
}
GradientStop {
position: 1
color: "#000000"
}
}
}
Text {
id: element
x: 5
y: 8
color: "#ffffff"
text: qsTr("Da")
anchors.verticalCenter: parent.verticalCenter
anchors.horizontalCenter: parent.horizontalCenter
font.pixelSize: 12
}
}
}
}
main2.qml
import QtQuick 2.12
import QtQuick.Window 2.12
import QtQuick.Controls 2.12
Item {
DropArea{
anchors.fill: parent
GridView{
id: grid
anchors.fill: parent
clip: true
interactive: false
model: listContent
cellHeight:90
cellWidth:90
delegate: Component{
Rectangle {
id:rectID
width: 80
height: 80
color: "#002f99f6"
radius: 5
border.color: "#2f99f6"
border.width: 0
MouseArea {
property var focused: false
property var childX: parent.x/90
property var childY: parent.y/90
signal toggled
drag.target: rectID
onToggled: {
if(focused == true){
parent.color = "#4f2f99f6"
parent.border.width = 1
focused = false
}
else{
parent.color = "transparent"
parent.border.width = 0
}
}
objectName: objName
signal doubClicked
anchors.fill: parent
hoverEnabled: true
Component.onCompleted: {
grid.clipChanged.connect(toggled)
}
onEntered: {
if(focused != true){
parent.color = "#4cffffff"
textID.elide = Text.ElideNone
textID.wrapMode = Text.WrapAnywhere
parent.z = 10000
}
}
onExited:{
if(focused != true){
parent.color = "transparent"
textID.elide = Text.ElideRight
textID.wrapMode = Text.NoWrap
parent.z = 5
}
}
onClicked: {
focused = true
if(grid.clip == true)
grid.clip = false
else
grid.clip = true
}
onReleased: {
console.log(childX.toFixed(0))
console.log(childY.toFixed(0))
parent.x = childX.toFixed(0)*90
parent.y = childY.toFixed(0)*90
}
onDoubleClicked: {
doubClicked()
}
Image {
x: 8
y: 0
width: 64
height: 64
source: imgSource
anchors.top: parent.top
anchors.topMargin: 0
anchors.horizontalCenter: parent.horizontalCenter
}
Text {
id:textID
x: 8
y: 47
color: theme
text: fileName
fontSizeMode: Text.FixedSize
verticalAlignment: Text.AlignTop
font.weight: Font.Normal
style: Text.Normal
elide: Text.ElideRight
wrapMode: Text.NoWrap
horizontalAlignment: Text.AlignHCenter
textFormat: Text.AutoText
anchors.left: parent.left
anchors.leftMargin: 0
anchors.right: parent.right
anchors.rightMargin: 0
anchors.top: parent.top
anchors.topMargin: 78
font.pixelSize: 12
clip: true
}
}
}
}
}
ListModel{
ListElement{ objName:"objectanyname"; fileName:"anyname"; imgSource:"unknown.png"; textID:"text11";rectID:"rect1"}
ListElement{ objName:"objectany.py"; fileName:"any.py"; imgSource:"unknown.png"; textID:"text12";rectID:"rect2"}
ListElement{ objName:"objectanyt.py"; fileName:"anyt.py"; imgSource:"unknown.png"; textID:"text13";rectID:"rect3"}
ListElement{ objName:"objectbash"; fileName:"bash"; imgSource:"unknown.png"; textID:"text14";rectID:"rect4"}
ListElement{ objName:"objectbash.py"; fileName:"bash.py"; imgSource:"unknown.png"; textID:"text15";rectID:"rect5"}
ListElement{ objName:"objectbash.sh"; fileName:"bash.sh"; imgSource:"unknown.png"; textID:"text16";rectID:"rect6"}
ListElement{ objName:"objectBecalm.desktop"; fileName:"Becalm.desktop"; imgSource:"unknown.png"; textID:"text17";rectID:"rect7"}
ListElement{ objName:"objectbuild-datetime-Desktop_Qt_5_12_5_GCC_64bit-Debug"; fileName:"build-datetime-Desktop_Qt_5_12_5_GCC_64bit-Debug"; imgSource:"folder.png"; textID:"text18";rectID:"rect8"}
ListElement{ objName:"objectcnspec.desktop"; fileName:"cnspec.desktop"; imgSource:"unknown.png"; textID:"text19";rectID:"rect9"}
ListElement{ objName:"objectCounter-Strike_Global_Offensive.desktop"; fileName:"Counter-Strike Global Offensive.desktop"; imgSource:"unknown.png"; textID:"text110";rectID:"rect10"}
ListElement{ objName:"objecteFootball_PES_2020.desktop"; fileName:"eFootball PES 2020.desktop"; imgSource:"unknown.png"; textID:"text111";rectID:"rect11"}
ListElement{ objName:"objectfirstprogramme"; fileName:"firstprogramme"; imgSource:"folder.png"; textID:"text112";rectID:"rect12"}
ListElement{ objName:"objectHimno.desktop"; fileName:"Himno.desktop"; imgSource:"unknown.png"; textID:"text113";rectID:"rect13"}
ListElement{ objName:"objectmain.py"; fileName:"main.py"; imgSource:"unknown.png"; textID:"text114";rectID:"rect14"}
ListElement{ objName:"objectname.py"; fileName:"name.py"; imgSource:"unknown.png"; textID:"text115";rectID:"rect15"}
ListElement{ objName:"objectNUCLEAR"; fileName:"NUCLEAR"; imgSource:"folder.png"; textID:"text116";rectID:"rect16"}
ListElement{ objName:"object__pycache__"; fileName:"__pycache__"; imgSource:"folder.png"; textID:"text117";rectID:"rect17"}
ListElement{ objName:"objectS.A.I.A.'s_Awakening_A_Robothorium_Visual_Novel.desktop"; fileName:"S.A.I.A.'s Awakening A Robothorium Visual Novel.desktop"; imgSource:"unknown.png"; textID:"text118";rectID:"rect18"}
ListElement{ objName:"objectsemi2.odp"; fileName:"semi2.odp"; imgSource:"unknown.png"; textID:"text119";rectID:"rect19"}
ListElement{ objName:"objectSeminar2.pptx"; fileName:"Seminar2.pptx"; imgSource:"unknown.png"; textID:"text120";rectID:"rect20"}
ListElement{ objName:"objectsemi.odp"; fileName:"semi.odp"; imgSource:"unknown.png"; textID:"text121";rectID:"rect21"}
ListElement{ objName:"objectsemi.pptx"; fileName:"semi.pptx"; imgSource:"unknown.png"; textID:"text122";rectID:"rect22"}
ListElement{ objName:"objectStar_Conflict.desktop"; fileName:"Star Conflict.desktop"; imgSource:"unknown.png"; textID:"text123";rectID:"rect23"}
ListElement{ objName:"objectsteam.desktop"; fileName:"steam.desktop"; imgSource:"unknown.png"; textID:"text124";rectID:"rect24"}
ListElement{ objName:"objecttest.py"; fileName:"test.py"; imgSource:"unknown.png"; textID:"text125";rectID:"rect25"}
ListElement{ objName:"objectUntitled.png"; fileName:"Untitled.png"; imgSource:"unknown.png"; textID:"text126";rectID:"rect26"}
ListElement{ objName:"objectUntitled.xcf"; fileName:"Untitled.xcf"; imgSource:"unknown.png"; textID:"text127";rectID:"rect27"}
ListElement{ objName:"objectWarplanes_WW1_Sky_Aces.desktop"; fileName:"Warplanes WW1 Sky Aces.desktop"; imgSource:"unknown.png"; textID:"text128";rectID:"rect28"}
ListElement{ objName:"objectZombie_Grinder_Dedicated_Server.desktop"; fileName:"Zombie Grinder Dedicated Server.desktop"; imgSource:"unknown.png"; textID:"text129";rectID:"rect29"} id:listContent
}
}
}
我尝试在代码中添加 window.setAttribute(Qt.WA_X11NetWmWindowTypeDesktop, True) 但它不起作用.我也尝试添加 Qt.Desktop 标志，这也不起作用.第一次，它给了我错误 AttributeError: 'QQuickWindow' object has no attribute 'setAttribute'.在第二次尝试中，脚本成功运行，但窗口没有打开.我认为可能是因为另一个桌面窗口正在运行.所以我用我的用户名登录到另一个控制台，创建了一个 bash 文件来运行窗口管理器和桌面窗口，然后通过 startx/home/newtron/myscript 启动它.它打开了一个空白窗口.甚至没有鼠标(可能是故障).
I tried adding window.setAttribute(Qt.WA_X11NetWmWindowTypeDesktop, True) in code but it doesn't work. Also I tried adding Qt.Desktop flag also this doesn't work. At the first time, it gave me error AttributeError: 'QQuickWindow' object has no attribute 'setAttribute'. In second attempt the script ran successfully but window didn't open. I thought it may be because another desktop window is running. So I loggend into an another console with my user name, created a bash file to run window manager and dektop window, then start it by startx /home/newtron/myscript. It opened a blank window. There wasn't even mouse(may be a failure).
有人可以帮我吗?
谢谢.
推荐答案
Qt::WA_X11NetWmWindowTypeDesktop 是一个Qt::WidgetAttribute 所以它只对 QWidget 有意义，而且 OP 似乎理解它，因为它尝试使用 QMainWindow 但问题是 QMainWindow 没有显示QML 所以这不是解决方案.
Qt::WA_X11NetWmWindowTypeDesktop is a Qt::WidgetAttribute so it only makes sense for the QWidget and it seems that the OP understands it because in its attempt it uses a QMainWindow but the problem is that the QMainWindow does not show the QML so that is not the solution.
这个想法是在 QML 所在的地方有一个 QWidget，所以在这种情况下有两种可能的解决方案:
The idea is to have a QWidget where the QML is so in this case there are 2 possible solutions:
在 ApplicationWindow 中设置
visible: false并使用QWidget::createWindowContainer():
import os
import sys
from PyQt5.QtCore import Qt, QUrl
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication, QWidget
from PyQt5.QtQml import QQmlApplicationEngine
DIR_PATH = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__))
if __name__ == "__main__":
myApp = QApplication(sys.argv)
file = os.path.join(DIR_PATH, "main.qml")
url = QUrl.fromLocalFile(file)
engine = QQmlApplicationEngine()
context = engine.rootContext()
context.setContextProperty("main", engine)
engine.load(url)
if not engine.rootObjects():
sys.exit(-1)
widget = QWidget.createWindowContainer(engine.rootObjects()[0])
widget.setAttribute(Qt.WA_X11NetWmWindowTypeDesktop, True)
widget.showFullScreen()
sys.exit(myApp.exec_())
main.qml
// ...
ApplicationWindow {
property var theme: String("#ffffff")
property var focusColor: String('transparent')
id: applicationWindow
visible: false
width: Screen.width
// ...QQuickView 与 QWidget::createWindowContainer():
import os
import sys
from PyQt5.QtCore import Qt, QUrl
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication, QWidget
from PyQt5.QtQuick import QQuickView
DIR_PATH = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__))
if __name__ == "__main__":
myApp = QApplication(sys.argv)
file = os.path.join(DIR_PATH, "main.qml")
url = QUrl.fromLocalFile(file)
view = QQuickView()
def on_statusChanged(status):
if status == QQuickView.Error:
for error in view.errors():
print(error.toString())
sys.exit(-1)
view.statusChanged.connect(on_statusChanged)
view.setResizeMode(QQuickView.SizeRootObjectToView)
engine = view.engine()
context = engine.rootContext()
context.setContextProperty("main", engine)
view.setSource(url)
view.setTitle(view.tr("Muscovy"))
widget = QWidget.createWindowContainer(view)
widget.setAttribute(Qt.WA_X11NetWmWindowTypeDesktop, True)
widget.showMaximized()
sys.exit(myApp.exec_())
main.qml
import QtQuick 2.12
import QtQuick.Controls 2.12
Rectangle {
property var theme: String("#ffffff")
property var focusColor: String('transparent')
color: "#2d2b2b"
Image {
id: image
anchors.fill: parent
source: "../Pictures/Wallpapers/113844.jpg"
fillMode: Image.PreserveAspectCrop
}
PropertyAnimation{
id: themeOpen
target: rectangle
// ...
import os
import sys
from PyQt5.QtCore import Qt, QUrl
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication, QWidget
from PyQt5.QtQuickWidgets import QQuickWidget
DIR_PATH = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__))
if __name__ == "__main__":
myApp = QApplication(sys.argv)
file = os.path.join(DIR_PATH, "main.qml")
url = QUrl.fromLocalFile(file)
widget = QQuickWidget()
widget.resize(640, 480)
def on_statusChanged(status):
if status == QQuickWidget.Error:
for error in view.errors():
print(error.toString())
sys.exit(-1)
widget.statusChanged.connect(on_statusChanged)
widget.setResizeMode(QQuickWidget.SizeRootObjectToView)
engine = widget.engine()
context = engine.rootContext()
context.setContextProperty("main", engine)
widget.setSource(url)
widget.setWindowTitle(widget.tr("Muscovy"))
widget.setAttribute(Qt.WA_X11NetWmWindowTypeDesktop, True)
widget.showMaximized()
sys.exit(myApp.exec_())
main.qml
import QtQuick 2.12
import QtQuick.Controls 2.12
Rectangle {
property var theme: String("#ffffff")
property var focusColor: String('transparent')
color: "#2d2b2b"
Image {
id: image
anchors.fill: parent
source: "../Pictures/Wallpapers/113844.jpg"
fillMode: Image.PreserveAspectCrop
}
PropertyAnimation{
id: themeOpen
target: rectangle
// ...
这篇关于如何使用 PyQt5 将“Qt.WA_X11NetWmWindowTypeDesktop"属性应用于我的 QML 窗口的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持！