为什么@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)不起作用?

问题描述

我正在尝试使用Spring框架使用JUnit测试CRUD方法.下面的代码运行完美

I am trying to test CRUD methods with JUnit using Spring framework. The code below works perfectly

 @Transactional
public class TestJdbcDaoImpl {
    @SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
    @BeforeClass
    @Test
    public static void setUpBeforeClass() throws Exception {
        ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring.xml");
        JdbcDaoImpl dao = ctx.getBean("jdbcDaoImpl",JdbcDaoImpl.class);
        Circle cicle = new Circle();
        dao.insertCircle(new Circle(6,"e"));
    }}

但是，以下带有@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)的代码给我一个错误

** 2014年6月11日下午1:00:15 org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager restoreTestExecutionListeners信息:无法实例化TestExecutionListener [org.springframework.test.context.web.ServletTestExecutionListener].指定自定义侦听器类或使默认侦听器类(及其必需的依赖项)可用.令人反感的类:[javax/servlet/ServletContext]**

**Jun 11, 2014 1:00:15 PM org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager retrieveTestExecutionListeners INFO: Could not instantiate TestExecutionListener [org.springframework.test.context.web.ServletTestExecutionListener]. Specify custom listener classes or make the default listener classes (and their required dependencies) available. Offending class: [javax/servlet/ServletContext]**

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration("/spring.xml")
@Transactional
public class TestJdbcDaoImpl {

   @Autowired
   private static JdbcDaoImpl dao;

   @SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
   @BeforeClass
   public static void setUpBeforeClass() throws Exception {
       Circle cicle = new Circle();
       dao.insertCircle(new Circle(10,"e"));
   }

推荐答案

您的测试中至少存在两个问题

There are at least two problems in your test

• 1)您不能在测试中使用标准的ServletContext.您要么使用仅使用不使用ServletContext的Bean的Spring配置的一部分，要么使用Spring-MVC-Test支持(从Spring 3.2开始可用)

• 1) You can not use the standard ServletContext in a test. Either you use a part of the Spring configuration that only uses Beans that not use the ServletContext, or you use the Spring-MVC-Test support (available since Spring 3.2)

2)@BeforeClass在加载spring上下文之前运行.因此，请改用@Before.

2) @BeforeClass run before the spring context ins loaded. Therefore use @Before instead.

试图解决这两个问题的示例:

Example that try to fix both problems:

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@WebAppConfiguration                      // <-- enable WebApp Test Support
@ContextConfiguration("/spring.xml")
@Transactional
public class TestJdbcDaoImpl {

   @Autowired
   private static JdbcDaoImpl dao;

   @SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
   @Before                               // <-- Before instead of BeforeClass
   public static void setUpBeforeClass() throws Exception {
       Circle cicle = new Circle();
       dao.insertCircle(new Circle(10,"e"));
   }

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