问题描述
我知道有很多在这里这个问题，并在谷歌的职位，但我整天都在试图解决这个问题，我的一切，现在失去的一天。
I know there is a lot of posts with this problem here and in Google, but I've spent all day trying to fix this issue and everything I have for now is lost day.
我已经通过创建实体，服务和JUnit测试使用Spring和Hibernate服务开始了我的项目。所有这一切的伟大工程。
然后，我添加弹簧MVC，使使用许多不同的一步一步的教程此Web应用程序，但是当我试图使控制器@Autowired注解，我在部署过程中得到错误的Glassfish的。我想，对于一些弹簧的原因没有看到我的服务，但多次尝试后，我仍然无法处理它。
I've started my project by creating entities, services and JUnit tests for services using Spring and Hibernate. All of this works great.Then I've added spring-mvc to make this web application using many different step-by-step tutorials, but when I'm trying to make Controller with @Autowired annotation, I'm getting errors from Glassfish during deployment. I guess that for some reason Spring doesn't see my services, but after many attempts I still can't handle it.
与服务的测试
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = {"classpath:/beans.xml"})
和
@Autowired
MailManager mailManager;
正常工作。
控制器没有@Autowired太多，我可以在Web浏览器中打开我的项目，而不麻烦。
Controllers without @Autowired too, I can open my project in web browser without trouble.
/src/main/resources/beans.xml
/src/main/resources/beans.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:jdbc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-3.0.xsd
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence/orm http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence/orm_2_0.xsd">
<context:property-placeholder location="jdbc.properties" />
<context:component-scan base-package="pl.com.radzikowski.webmail">
<context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller" />
</context:component-scan>
<!--<context:component-scan base-package="pl.com.radzikowski.webmail.service" />-->
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">
<property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driverClassName}" />
<property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" />
<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" />
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
</bean>
<!-- Persistance Unit Manager for persistance options managing -->
<bean id="persistenceUnitManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.persistenceunit.DefaultPersistenceUnitManager">
<property name="defaultDataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
</bean>
<!-- Entity Manager Factory for creating/updating DB schema based on persistence files and entity classes -->
<bean id="entityManagerFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean">
<property name="persistenceUnitManager" ref="persistenceUnitManager"/>
<property name="persistenceUnitName" value="WebMailPU"/>
</bean>
<!-- Hibernate Session Factory -->
<bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
<!--<property name="schemaUpdate" value="true" />-->
<property name="packagesToScan" value="pl.com.radzikowski.webmail.domain" />
<property name="hibernateProperties">
<props>
<prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- Hibernate Transaction Manager -->
<bean id="txManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"/>
</bean>
<!-- Activates annotation based transaction management -->
<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="txManager"/>
</beans>
/webapp/WEB-INF/web.xml
/webapp/WEB-INF/web.xml
<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.4" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">
<display-name>Spring Web MVC Application</display-name>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>mvc-dispatcher</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>mvc-dispatcher</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/mvc-dispatcher-servlet.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
</web-app>
/webapp/WEB-INF/mvc-dispatcher-servlet.xml
/webapp/WEB-INF/mvc-dispatcher-servlet.xml
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd">
<context:component-scan base-package="pl.com.radzikowski.webmail" use-default-filters="false">
<context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller" />
</context:component-scan>
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/" />
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
</bean>
</beans>
pl.com.radzikowski.webmail.service.AbstractManager
pl.com.radzikowski.webmail.service.AbstractManager
package pl.com.radzikowski.webmail.service;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
/**
* Master Manager class providing basic fields for services.
* @author Maciej Radzikowski <[email protected]>
*/
public class AbstractManager {
@Autowired
protected SessionFactory sessionFactory;
protected final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(this.getClass());
}
pl.com.radzikowski.webmail.service.MailManager
pl.com.radzikowski.webmail.service.MailManager
package pl.com.radzikowski.webmail.service;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
@Component
@Transactional
public class MailManager extends AbstractManager {
// some methods...
}
pl.com.radzikowski.webmail.HomeController
pl.com.radzikowski.webmail.HomeController
package pl.com.radzikowski.webmail.controller;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.ModelMap;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import pl.com.radzikowski.webmail.service.MailManager;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/")
public class HomeController {
@Autowired
public MailManager mailManager;
@RequestMapping(value = "/", method = RequestMethod.GET)
public String homepage(ModelMap model) {
return "homepage";
}
}
错误：
SEVERE: Exception while loading the app
SEVERE: Undeployment failed for context /WebMail
SEVERE: Exception while loading the app : java.lang.IllegalStateException: ContainerBase.addChild: start: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'homeController': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: public pl.com.radzikowski.webmail.service.MailManager pl.com.radzikowski.webmail.controller.HomeController.mailManager; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [pl.com.radzikowski.webmail.service.MailManager] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
对不起了很多code，但我不知道有什么可以导致了这个错误。
Sorry for a lot of code, but I don't know what can cause that error anymore.
添加
我创建的接口：
@Component
public interface IMailManager {
补充工具：
@Component
@Transactional
public class MailManager extends AbstractManager implements IMailManager {
和改变自动装配：
@Autowired
public IMailManager mailManager;
但它仍然抛出错误（还当我试着@Qualifier）
But it still throws errors (also when I've tried with @Qualifier)
..无法自动装配领域：公共
pl.com.radzikowski.webmail.service.IMailManager
pl.com.radzikowski.webmail.controller.HomeController.mailManager ...
我试着@Component和@Transactional的不同组合了。
I've tried with different combinations of @Component and @Transactional too.
我不应该包括的beans.xml在web.xml中不知何故？我只有在code，我showned。
Shouldn't I include beans.xml in web.xml somehow? I've only the code that I showned.
推荐答案
您应该自动装配接口 AbstractManager 而不是类 MailManager 。如果你有 AbstractManager 你可以写 @Component（MailService的）然后 @Autowired @Qualifier（MailService的）组合自动装配特定的类。
You should autowire interface AbstractManager instead of class MailManager. If you have different implemetations of AbstractManager you can write @Component("mailService") and then @Autowired @Qualifier("mailService") combination to autowire specific class.
这是由于春季创建并使用基于接口的代理对象的事实。
This is due to the fact that Spring creates and uses proxy objects based on the interfaces.
这篇关于@Autowired - 无型的合格豆发现依赖的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持！