Spring boot 测试失败说，由于缺少 ServletWebServerFactory bean，无法启动 ServletWebServerApplicationContext

问题描述

测试类:-

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = { WebsocketSourceConfiguration.class,
        WebSocketSourceIntegrationTests.class }, webEnvironment = SpringBootTest.WebEnvironment.RANDOM_PORT, properties = {
                "websocket.path=/some_websocket_path", "websocket.allowedOrigins=*",
                "spring.cloud.stream.default-binder=kafka" })
public class WebSocketSourceIntegrationTests {

    private String port = "8080";

    @Test
    public void testWebSocketStreamSource() throws IOException, InterruptedException {
        StandardWebSocketClient webSocketClient = new StandardWebSocketClient();
        ClientWebSocketContainer clientWebSocketContainer = new ClientWebSocketContainer(webSocketClient,
                "ws://localhost:" + port + "/some_websocket_path");
        clientWebSocketContainer.start();
        WebSocketSession session = clientWebSocketContainer.getSession(null);
        session.sendMessage(new TextMessage("foo"));
        System.out.println("Done****************************************************");
    }

}

我在这里看到了同样的问题，但没有任何帮助我.我可以知道我错过了什么吗?

I have seen same issue here but nothing helped me. May I know what I'm missing ?

我在依赖层次结构中有 spring-boot-starter-tomcat 作为编译时依赖.

I have spring-boot-starter-tomcat as compile time dependency in the dependency Hierarchy.

推荐答案

此消息说:您需要在 ApplicationContext 中配置至少 1 个 ServletWebServerFactory bean，所以如果您已经有 spring-boot-starter-tomcat y您需要自动配置该 bean 或手动进行强>.

This message says:You need to configure at least 1 ServletWebServerFactory bean in the ApplicationContext, so if you already have spring-boot-starter-tomcat you need to either autoconfigure that bean or to do it manually.

所以，在测试中只有 2 个配置类来加载 applicationContext，它们是 = { WebsocketSourceConfiguration.class, WebSocketSourceIntegrationTests.class }，那么至少在这些类中的一个类中应该有一个 @Bean 方法返回一个实例所需的 ServletWebServerFactory.

So, in the test there are only 2 configuration classes to load the applicationContext, these are = { WebsocketSourceConfiguration.class, WebSocketSourceIntegrationTests.class }, then at least in one of these classes there should be a @Bean method returning an instance of the desired ServletWebServerFactory.

* 解决方案 *

确保加载配置类中的所有bean

Make sure to load all the beans within your configuration class

WebsocketSourceConfiguration {
  @Bean
  ServletWebServerFactory servletWebServerFactory(){
  return new TomcatServletWebServerFactory();
  }
}

OR 还启用 AutoConfiguration 对这些 bean 进行类路径扫描和自动配置.

OR also enable the AutoConfiguration to do a classpath scanning and auto-configuration of those beans.

@EnableAutoConfiguration
WebsocketSourceConfiguration

也可以在集成测试课程中完成.

Can be done also at the Integration Test class.

@EnableAutoConfiguration
WebSocketSourceIntegrationTests

有关更多信息，请查看 SpringBootTest 注释文档https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/current/api/org/springframework/boot/test/context/SpringBootTest.html

For more information check the SpringBootTest annotation documentationhttps://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/current/api/org/springframework/boot/test/context/SpringBootTest.html

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