如何模拟restTemplate getForObject

问题描述

我想使用模拟来测试restTemplate.getForObject方法，但是有问题.我是Mockito的新手，所以我读了一些有关使用Mockito测试restTemplate的博客，但仍然无法编写成功的测试.要测试的课程是:

I want to test the restTemplate.getForObject method using a mock but having issues. I'm new with Mockito, so I read some blogs about testing restTemplate using Mockito but still can not write a successful test.The class to test is :

package rest;

@PropertySource("classpath:application.properties")
@Service
public class RestClient {

    private String user;
    // from application properties
    private String password;
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;

    public Client getClient(final short cd) {

        restTemplate.getInterceptors().add(new BasicAuthenticationInterceptor(user, password));

        Client client = null;

        try {
            client = restTemplate.getForObject("http://localhost:8080/clients/findClient?cd={cd}",
                    Client.class, cd);
        } catch (RestClientException e) {

            println(e);
        }

        return client;
    }

    public RestTemplate getRestTemplate() {
        return restTemplate;
    }

    public void setRestTemplate(final RestTemplate restTemplate) {
        this.restTemplate = restTemplate;
    }
}

我的测试课:

package test;
@PropertySource("classpath:application.properties")
@RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner.class)
public class BatchRestClientTest {


    @Mock
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;

    @InjectMocks
    private RestClient restClient;

    private MockRestServiceServer mockServer;

    @Before
    public void setUp() throws Exception {
    }

    @After
    public void tearDown() throws Exception {
    }

    @Test
    public void getCraProcessTest() {
        Client client=new Client();
        client.setId((long) 1);
        client.setCd((short) 2);
        client.setName("aaa");

        Mockito
            .when(restTemplate.getForObject("http://localhost:8080/clients/findClient?cd={cd},
                    Client.class, 2))
            .thenReturn(client);

        Client client2= restClient.getClient((short)2);
        assertEquals(client, client2);
    }

    public RestTemplate getRestTemplate() {
        return restTemplate;
    }

    public void setRestTemplate(RestTemplate restTemplate) {
        this.restTemplate = restTemplate;
    }

    public RestClient getRestClient() {
        return restClient;
    }

    public void setRestClient(RestClient restClient) {
        this.restClient = restClient;
    }
}

它返回null而不是预期的客户端，Object类的restTemplate正常工作.我只想写测试.我是否缺少某些东西或做错了测试?感谢您的指导.

It is returning null and not the expected client, the restTemplate for Object class works fine. I want just to write the test . Am I missing something or doing the test wrong way?Thanks for any guidance.

推荐答案

请改用此:

Mockito.when(restTemplate.getForObject(
    "http://localhost:8080/clients/findClient?cd={id}",
    Client.class,
    new Object[] {(short)2})
).thenReturn(client);

第三个参数是varargs.因此，您需要在测试中包装为Object[]，否则Mockito无法匹配它.请注意，这会在您的实现中自动发生.

The third parameter is a varargs.So you need to wrap into an Object[] in the test, otherwise Mockito is not able to match it. Note that this happens automatically in your implementation.

也:

• 您在问题示例中忘记了终止url(缺少关闭").
  可能只是错字.

• You forgot to terminate your url (missing closing ") in your examples in the question.
  Probably just a typo.

您在测试中的实现中使用了不同的url:...?cd={cd}而不是...?cd={id}.
(如@ArnaudClaudel之前在注释中所指出).

You used different url's in your implementation in your test: ...?cd={cd} instead of ...?cd={id}.
(As previously pointed out by @ArnaudClaudel in the comments).

您没有为restTemplate.getInterceptors()
定义行为，因此当尝试add BasicAuthenticationInterceptor时，我会以NullPointerException，
失败.

You did not define a behaviour for restTemplate.getInterceptors()
so I would expect it to fail with a NullPointerException,
when trying to add the BasicAuthenticationInterceptor.

此外，您可能想查看我的答案 here 有关如何模拟getForObject方法的另一个示例.请注意，它不包括任何实际参数为null的情况.

Additionally you might want to check my answer here for another example of how to mock the getForObject method. Note that it does not include a case where any of the real parameters would be null.

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