如何使用 Python 对 Excel 工作表进行排序

问题描述

我使用的是 Python 3.4 和 xlrd.我想在处理之前根据主列对 Excel 工作表进行排序.是否有任何库可以执行此操作?

解决方案

有几种方法可以做到这一点.第一个选项是使用 的一些修改:

import xlwt从 xlrd 导入 o​​pen_workbooktarget_column = 0 # 这个例子只有1列，并且是0索引book = open_workbook('test.xlsx')sheet = book.sheets()[0]数据 = [sheet.row_values(i) for i in xrange(sheet.nrows)]label = data[0] # 不要对我们的标题进行排序data = data[1:] # 数据从第二行开始data.sort(key=lambda x: x[target_column])bk = xlwt.Workbook()sheet = bk.add_sheet(sheet.name)对于 idx，enumerate(labels) 中的标签:sheet.write(0, idx, 标签)对于 idx_r，enumerate(data) 中的行:对于 idx_c，枚举(行)中的值:sheet.write(idx_r+1, idx_c, value)bk.save('result.xls') # 注意这是 xls，而不是像原始文件那样的 xlsx

这将输出以下工作簿:

另一种选择(并且可以利用 XLSX 输出)是利用 调用，将 index 设置为 False，这样 Pandas 数据框索引就不会包含在 Excel 文档中.其余的关键字应该是不言自明的.

I am using Python 3.4 and xlrd. I want to sort the Excel sheet based on the primary column before processing it. Is there any library to perform this ?

解决方案

There are a couple ways to do this. The first option is to utilize xlrd, as you have this tagged. The biggest downside to this is that it doesn't natively write to XLSX format.

These examples use an excel document with this format:

Utilizing xlrd and a few modifications from this answer:

import xlwt
from xlrd import open_workbook

target_column = 0     # This example only has 1 column, and it is 0 indexed

book = open_workbook('test.xlsx')
sheet = book.sheets()[0]
data = [sheet.row_values(i) for i in xrange(sheet.nrows)]
labels = data[0]    # Don't sort our headers
data = data[1:]     # Data begins on the second row
data.sort(key=lambda x: x[target_column])

bk = xlwt.Workbook()
sheet = bk.add_sheet(sheet.name)

for idx, label in enumerate(labels):
     sheet.write(0, idx, label)

for idx_r, row in enumerate(data):
    for idx_c, value in enumerate(row):
        sheet.write(idx_r+1, idx_c, value)

bk.save('result.xls')    # Notice this is xls, not xlsx like the original file is

This outputs the following workbook:

---

Another option (and one that can utilize XLSX output) is to utilize pandas. The code is also shorter:

import pandas as pd

xl = pd.ExcelFile("test.xlsx")
df = xl.parse("Sheet1")
df = df.sort(columns="Header Row")

writer = pd.ExcelWriter('output.xlsx')
df.to_excel(writer,sheet_name='Sheet1',columns=["Header Row"],index=False)
writer.save()

This outputs:

In the to_excel call, the index is set to False, so that the Pandas dataframe index isn't included in the excel document. The rest of the keywords should be self explanatory.

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